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BACTERIA IN YOUR SOCKS

BACTERIA IN YOUR SOCKS. Look out, you ’ re surrounded! Bacteria are multiplying in your guts, squiggling in your food – and (gross!) Don ’ t even look at your hands. Bacteria may sound icky, but could we survive without these microscopic life-forms that hang out everywhere?. BACTERIA.

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BACTERIA IN YOUR SOCKS

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  1. BACTERIA IN YOURSOCKS

  2. Look out, you’re surrounded! Bacteria are multiplying in your guts, squiggling in your food – and (gross!) Don’t even look at your hands. Bacteria may sound icky, but could we survive without these microscopic life-forms that hang out everywhere? BACTERIA

  3. Bacteria can be classified by their shape, where they live, and what they eat

  4. There are three major shapes of bacteria.

  5. Sphere-shaped bacteria (cocci) Streptococcus(strep throat)Staphylococci (responsible for "staph" infections and gangrene) Cocci

  6. Rod-shaped bacteria (bacilli) Some types of these bacteria also have whiplike structures called flagella to help them move around. Escherichia coli or E.coli(found in the intestines of mammals)Salmonella typhi(causes typhoid fever and food poisoning) Bacilli

  7. Spiral-shaped bacteria (spirilla) can use their shape to propel themselves by twisting like a corkscrew. Treponema pallidumcholera(syphilis)Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme disease) Spirilla

  8. Bacteria are often found in groups or colonies.

  9. Bacterial Colony Types

  10. Streptococcus Streptococcus: chains of nearly spherical bacteria.

  11. Streptobacillus Streptobacillus: chains of rod-shaped bacteria.

  12. Staphlococcus Staphylococcus : spherical bacterium occurring in grape-like clusters.

  13. Archaebacteria and Eubacteria

  14. Archaebacteria Bacteria that live in harsh environments where few kinds of other organisms can live

  15. Eubacteria The larger of the two groups of bacteria. These usually live in less harsh environments.

  16. Most bacteria are beneficial.All bacteria that cause known diseases are eubacteria.

  17. Other ways to classify and identify bacteria...

  18. Aerobic bacteria require oxygen to survivebacteria can live with or without oxygenbacteria use other organisms for energybacteria produce their own food through photosynthesis Anaerobic Heterotrophic Autotrophic

  19. How do bacteria reproduce?

  20. Bacteria reproduce by means of binary fission, in which a copy of the DNA is made and then the outer membrane of the bacterium begins to grow inward and divides into two identical cells. In order to exchange genetic material one bacterium attaches itself to another bacterium and introduces DNA directly into it by means of a pilus through the process of conjugation.

  21. Conjugation

  22. Bacteria dividing

  23. Bacteria Structure

  24. microscopic and lacking cells with internal membranes Prokaryotic

  25. Bacteria cells are usually much smaller than plant and animal cells and do not contain as many internal structures.

  26. Bacteria cells contain cytoplasm surrounded by a cell membrane and a cell wall.Its hereditary material(DNA/RNA) is found in the cytoplasm.Ribosomes are found in the cytoplasm.

  27. Some bacteria have a thick, gel-like capsule around the cell wall to protect it.

  28. Bacteria in moist environments have whiplike tails called flagella that help them move.

  29. Some bacteria are able to produce thick walls around themselves when evironmental conditions are unfavorable. They form an endospore and can become dormant for hundreds of years.

  30. Bacteria and your Health

  31. Bacteria doesn’t just make you sick, it can also keep you healthy. You cannot survive without some bacteria living in or on your body.

  32. Some bacteria produce chemicals called antibiotics that limit the growth of other bacteria. Overuse of antibiotics has led to more resistant bacteria. Ex. Penicillin

  33. Antibiotics and viruses • Antibiotics are not effective in fighting viruses. • Antibiotics attack the cell walls of bacteria. Since viruses don’t have a cell wall, there is nothing for the antibiotic to attack.

  34. Pathogen Bacteria that cause disease are called pathogens.A vaccine is made from particles taken from damaged bacterial cell walls or from killed bacteria. Immunization protection that occurs when a vaccine is given to prevent other bacterial diseases.

  35. Many pathogens produce poisons called toxins as they grow in your body or as they grow in food that you might eat. Toxins

  36. Botulism is a type of food poisoning that is the result of a toxin produced by bacteria whose endospores can survive in canned food.

  37. Bacteria and Industry

  38. Pasteurization is a process that is used to kill most harmful bacteria and lengthen the time foods can be stored without spoiling.

  39. Cheeses, buttermilk, chocolate, vinegar, sauerkraut, yogurt Food made with bacteria

  40. 19.1 Bacteria 26. Importance of Bacteria -Bacteria are vital to maintaining the living world. a. Producers that capture energy by photosynthesis. b. Decomposers – bacteria help ecosystems recycle nutrients by breaking down dead organic matter.

  41. 19.1 Bacteria • Nitrogen fixers– bacteria can convert nitrogen gas into ammonia; a form that can be used by plants. • Some bacteria produce chemicals called antibiotics that limit the growth of other bacteria. This helps keep us healthy.

  42. Human uses 1. Bacteria are used to produce a wide variety of foods,beverages, and medicines. 2. Our intestines are inhabited by a large number of bacteria including E. coli. The bacteria produce vitamins for us and we provide a home and food for the bacteria.

  43. Common Diseases Caused by Bacteria Section 19-3 Prevention Disease Pathogen Streptococcus mutans Borrelia burgdorferi Clostridium tetani Mycobacterium tuberculosis Salmonella enteritidis Streptococcus pneumoniae Vibrio cholerae Regular dental hygiene Prevent tick bites Tetanus vaccination Vaccination Proper food-handling Maintaining good health Clean water supplies Tooth decay Lyme disease Tetanus Tuberculosis Salmonella food poisoning Pneumonia Cholera

  44. Diseases Caused by Bacteria and Viruses Bacterial Diseases in Animals A. Bacterial diseases also infect animals. Many can be passed to humans. B. Example Anthrax. Anthrax can be passed from animal to humans and can be fatal to both.

  45. Courtesy of: Quiz time!

  46. At any given time you have about a billion bacteria on every tooth in your mouth.

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