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Delivery. Delivery Defined. Physical attributes that contribute to meaning Gestures and facial expressions Timing Voice General body language Does not distract but complements words Contextual: no specific rules. Oral Delivery Guidelines. Use natural style Show enthusiasm
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Delivery Defined • Physical attributes that contribute to meaning • Gestures and facial expressions • Timing • Voice • General body language • Does not distract but complements words • Contextual: no specific rules
Oral Delivery Guidelines • Use natural style • Show enthusiasm • Use vocal variety • Pauses • Articulate and pronounce
Vocal Variety • Volume • Project to back of room if no microphone • Adjust microphone; never lean into it • Observe audience nonverbals and adjust as needed • Can change volume to provide drama
Vocal Variety • Pitch • High or low sounds that provide inflection • Add warmth and vitality to voice • Reflects mood, e.g., anger, excitement, boredom • No inflection = monotone • Use upward inflections at ends of sentences only to indicate a question
Vocal Variety • Rate/speed • Creates mood • Show excitement • Can be used to review information audience already knows
Tips on Vocal Variety • Use to make speech more interesting • Be enthusiastic and voice naturally will follow
Pauses • Use to emphasize a point • Can seem like an eternity—resist urge to hurry forward • Resist the urge to “um”
Articulation and Pronunciation • Articulation • Pronounce every syllable (e.g. rĕ-că-nize) • Can be related to regionalisms or accents • Pronunciation • Correctly annunciating each syllable (e.g. rĕ-cŏg-nize) • Adds to credibility
Avoid Dialects • Relates to words and phrases that only speakers of the dialect understand • Put the sack in the buggy. • Turn right after the rotary. • Wow! This is really pepper.
Nonverbal Communication • Tells people more about us than do just our words • Includes vocal variety, facial expressions, eye contact, etc. • Can belie verbal message • Should complement rather than distract
Eye Contact • Must include entire audience • Make individual eye contact in smaller rooms; scan larger ones
Gestures • Should complement rather than distract • Add clarity and reinforcement • Add interest • Avoid the talking head • Watch for the wings • Don’t overdo • Relax and they will come naturally
Dress and Posture • Adapt to audience’s dress • Always dress up one level when unsure • Men can always remove a tie and/or jacket • Ladies can use jewelry and scarves to vary level of formality • Maintain good posture • Avoid leaning on lectern • Avoid leaning into mic
Nervous Habits that Distract • Playing with any part of body or dress • Slapping arm, hand, or fist on lectern or table • Clapping hands • Jiggling pocket change or keys • Gathering notes and tapping on podium • Any repetitive, non-meaningful gesture
Physical Delivery Guidelines • Maintain eye contact • Vary facial expression • Use meaningful gestures • Dress appropriately • Maintain good posture • Avoid nervous habits • Practice in front of a mirror • Practice in front of an audience