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Outline. Risks to Birds Five-year Plan for RMP Studies. Management context RMP objectives Specific questions for the next five years Priorities. Management Context. SF Bay is critical habitat for resident and migratory birds Colonial waterbirds Shorebirds Ducks and geese
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Outline Risks to BirdsFive-year Plan for RMP Studies • Management context • RMP objectives • Specific questions for the next five years • Priorities Draft Data - do not cite or quote
Management Context • SF Bay is critical habitat for resident and migratory birds • Colonial waterbirds • Shorebirds • Ducks and geese • Special status species • Clapper rail - endangered • Least tern - endangered Draft Data - do not cite or quote
Management Context • Pollutant concentrations appear to be high enough to affect bird populations • Mercury Effects become apparent from 0.5 – 0.8 ppm Data from Schwarzbach and Adelsbach (2003) Draft Data - do not cite or quote
Clapper Rail Population Trends • Mercury considered an important factor for rails at the population level • Schwarzbach et al. 2006 See Pulse 2005 for data sources Draft Data - do not cite or quote
Hg risk for Bay species (Ackerman et al. – from 2007 Pulse) • Other species also face high risks from mercury Draft Data - do not cite or quote
Management Context • Pollutant concentrations high enough to affect bird populations? • PCBs PCBs in cormorant eggs (Davis et al. 2007) Draft Data - do not cite or quote
Management Context • Pollutant concentrations high enough to affect bird populations? • PBDEs Highest concentration ever observed in biota • Forster’s Tern egg • Hayward shoreline • Near Baumberg salt ponds • Effects threshold unknown Draft Data - do not cite or quote
Management Context • Applicable regulatory guidelines • Narrative objectives • Bioaccumulative substances – “shall not cause a detrimental increase in toxic substances found in bottom sediments or aquatic life” • Toxic substances – “(“no toxic or other deleterious in … quantities which will cause deleterious effects on aquatic biota, wildlife, or waterfowl…” • Egg “monitoring target” in mercury TMDL (0.5 ppm) • Wildlife prey target in mercury TMDL (0.03 ppm) Draft Data - do not cite or quote
Previous RMP Work on Effects on Birds • CISNET study matching funds • Supplemental funds for USFWS study (Adelsbach et al.) • Supplemental funds for USFWS/USGS study (Eagles-Smith, Ackerman et al.) – 2007 ($xxK), 2008 ($xxK) Draft Data - do not cite or quote
Other Work on Effects on Birds • First CALFED Mercury Study • Second CALFED Mercury Study - $5 million • USFWS tern Study – Hg, PCBs, dioxins, pesticides • USFWS clapper rail studies • 1990s cormorant studies • 1980s, 1990s tern and heron studies Draft Data - do not cite or quote
RMP Objectives and Management Questions • 1 Describe spatial patterns and long-term trends of pollutant concentrations in the Estuary • 1.1 Do pollutant spatial patterns and long-term trends indicate particular regions of concern? • 4 Characterize ecological and human health risks due to pollution of the Estuary ecosystem • 4.2 What ecological and human health risks exist due to Bay pollution? • 5 Characterize ecological and human health risks due to pollution of the Estuary ecosystem • 5.3 What are appropriate guidelines for protection of beneficial uses? Draft Data - do not cite or quote
Specific Questions to be Addressed in Next Five-Years • Is there clear evidence of pollutant effects on survival, reproduction, or growth of individual birds? • Are pollutants in the Bay adversely affecting bird populations? • Do spatial patterns in accumulation indicate particular regions of concern? Draft Data - do not cite or quote
Priorities for effects studies in 2009 and beyond • Eggs? • Chicks? • Parental behavior? Draft Data - do not cite or quote