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Axial Skeleton

Axial Skeleton. Ch. 7. Two types of bone markings. Depressions – cavities that indent the bone Projections – processes that grow out of the bone Add - fontanelles. Fontanelles. Dense connective tissue filled space between skull bones at birth. Fissure.

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Axial Skeleton

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  1. Axial Skeleton Ch. 7

  2. Two types of bone markings • Depressions – cavities that indent the bone • Projections – processes that grow out of the bone • Add - fontanelles

  3. Fontanelles • Dense connective tissue filled space between skull bones at birth

  4. Fissure • Narrow, slit-like opening between adjacent parts of a bone, through which vessels and nerves pass

  5. Foramen • An opening through which blood vessels, nerves, or ligaments pass

  6. Fossa • Depression in or on a bone

  7. Groove or sulcus • Furrow or depression that accommodates a soft structure such as a blood vessel, nerve, or tendon

  8. Condyle • Large, rounded articular prominence

  9. Facet • A smooth, flat surface

  10. Head • Rounded articular projection supported on the neck of a bone

  11. Tuberosity • Large, rounded, usually roughened process

  12. Trochanter • Large projection found only on the femur

  13. Skull • 22 bones • Cranial (8) • Frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid • Facial (14) • Nasal, maxillae, zygomatic, mandible, lacrimal, palatine, inferior nasal conchae, vomer

  14. Skull

  15. Sutures • Immovable joint found between skull bones • Begin to ossify between age 20-30 • Sutures • Coronal – between frontal bone and 2 parietal bones • Sagittal – between two parietal bones • Lambdoid – between parietal bones and occipital bone • Squamous – between parietal bones and temporal bones

  16. Sutures

  17. Vertebral Column • 26 vertebrae • Numbered by region • C-1, T-5, L-3, etc. • 5 regions • Cervical (neck) – 7 • Thoracic (chest) – 12 • Lumbar (lower back) – 5 • Sacrum – 5 fused • Coccyx – 4 fused

  18. Vertebral Column • Spinal curvatures – one for each region

  19. Vertebrae • C-1 – atlas; C-2 – axis

  20. Rib Cage • 1-7 are true ribs – attached to sternum • 8-12 are false ribs – no attached to sternum • 11-12 are floating ribs – not attached to anything • Intercostal space – space between ribs

  21. Rib Cage and Sternum • Clavicle • Xyphoid process • Sternum

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