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UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DI CAGLIARI Dipartimento Ingegneria del Territorio

UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DI CAGLIARI Dipartimento Ingegneria del Territorio. Chemical And Mechanical Evaluation Of C&D Waste As An Alternative Aggregate For Road Embankments S. Portas, M. Coni, F. Maltinti. 2011 TRB Waste Management & Resource Efficiency Workshop

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UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DI CAGLIARI Dipartimento Ingegneria del Territorio

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  1. UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DI CAGLIARI Dipartimento Ingegneria del Territorio Chemical And Mechanical Evaluation Of C&D Waste As An Alternative Aggregate For Road EmbankmentsS. Portas, M. Coni, F. Maltinti 2011 TRB Waste Management & Resource Efficiency Workshop "Sustainability and Liability in Transportation" July 25th - 27th, 2011 in Portland, Oregon

  2. Outline • Introduction • Aim • Experimental Tests • Laboratory : chemical & mechanical • In Situ • Results • Conclusions • Further developments

  3. Introduction • Find non-conventional aggregates to: • reduce the use of non-renewable sources • reduce waste materials and extension of landfills. • Suitable alternative aggregates for road construction: • Environmental safe • Mechanically reliable • Support the re-use of local available materials

  4. Aim • Evaluate the suitability of C&DW produced in Sardinia • Determine chemical composition & mechanical behaviour • Compare mechanical behaviour with natural aggregates • Overcome the distrust for the use of C&D materials

  5. Experimental tests • Laboratory tests in accordance with EN 13242:2002+A1 on two different stockpiles of local C&D • Chemical composition • Physical proprieties & Mechanical behaviour • Full scale mechanical tests on experimental embankments using C&D from one stockpile • LFWD • Plate tests • Embedded Instruments

  6. C&D material • C&D for laboratory tests from stockpile 1 & 2 • Composition: concrete, bricks, ceramic, and light residual materials • Reconstructed curve: 0/100 mm • C&D for experimental embankment stockpile 1 • Size: 0-100 mm

  7. Chemical composition • Leaching tests on 5 samples from two stockpiles : • 16-Day • Carbon dioxide saturated water (6h)

  8. Physical & Mechanical Lab Tests • Physical • 20 Sieve analysis: heterogeneous • 4 Plasticity Index: NP • Maximum density: ~ 19,58 kN/m3 • Optimum water content:~9% • Mechanical • 20 CBR tests: 60÷130% • 20 L.A. tests: 36÷46%

  9. In Situ Tests • Embankments with C&D and Quarry Aggregates to compare: • In situ density • Bearing capacity • Plate test • LFWD • Instrumented embankment to measure material response under real load: • Instruments: Pressure cells and LVDTs • Applied Load: Moving truck with 4-axle • Full and Empty @4 speeds • LFWD, Plate test & Density

  10. Results • LFWD on C&D and Natural Aggregates: • 12 passes @75% max density • 20 passes @94% max density

  11. Results • Plate Load Tests: 83÷169 N/mm2 • LFWD • Stress & strain distribution through 1.5m under moving load • Vertical pressure @ -1.5m, -1m & -0.5m • Vertical, Longitudinal and Transversal displacement @ -1.5m, -1m & -0.5m

  12. Conclusion & Further Studies • Need to find alternative aggregates • C&D are environmentally safe • Good CBR Index • In situ behavior, evaluated with Plate test & LFWD • Instrumented embankment

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