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TexPoint fonts used in EMF. Read the TexPoint manual before you delete this box.: A A A A A A A A A A A A. The optimal mode-scheduling problem. The autonomous problem. Application areas. Automotive powertrain control (Wang, Beydoun , Cook , Sun , and Kolmanovsky )
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Application areas • Automotive powertrain control (Wang, Beydoun, Cook, Sun, and Kolmanovsky) • Switching circuits (Almer, Mariethoz, and Morari;DeCarlo et al.; Kawashima et al.) • Telecommunications (Rehbinder and Sanfirdson; Hristu-Varsakelis) • Switching control between subsystems or data sources (Lincoln and Rantzer; Brockett) • Mobile robotics (Egerstedt)
Problem classifications • Linear vs. nonlinear • Timing optimization vs. sequencing optimization • Off line vs. on line
Theoretical developments • Problem definition: Branicky, Borkar, and Mitter • Maximum principle: Piccoli; Shaikh and Caines; Sussmann • Algorithms: Xu and Antsaklis; Shaikh and Caines; Attia, Alamir, and Canudas de Wit; Bengea and DeCarlo; Egerstedt et al.; Caldwell and Murphy; Gonzalez, Vasudevan, Kamgarpour, Sastry, Bajcsy, and Tomlin • Control: Bengea and DeCarlo; Almer, Mariethoz, and Morari; Kawashima et al.
The gradient Define the costate equation Variational arguments:
Asymptotic convergence – meaningless. Instead, approach to stationary points
Example: A mobile robot tracking a target (goal) while avoiding two obstacles. The robot predict the future movement of the target by linear approximation given its position and velocity
Current approaches: • Geometric approaches (Shaikh and Caines) • Relaxation algorithms (Bengea and DeCarlo, Caldwell and Murphy) • Gradient techniques (Xu and Antsaklis, Gonzalez and Tomlin, Attia et al., Egerstedt et al.)
Sensitivity analysis and optimality function Gradient insertion
Example S. Almer, S. Mriethoz, M. Morari, “Optimal Sampled Data Control of PWM Systems Using Piecewise Affine Approximations”, Proc. 49th CDC, Atlanta, 2010
Adding a switching cost H. Kawashima, Y. Wardi, D. Taylor, and M. Egerstedt, 2012 ADHS The PWM problem, variable number of cycles TexPoint fonts used in EMF. Read the TexPoint manual before you delete this box.: AAAAAAAAAAA
Energy cost: Optimal control problem: