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Environmental Impact Assessment

Environmental Impact Assessment. Frank van Gemert NRG, Radiation & Environment The Netherlands. Introduction Why ? How ? Who ? When ? €, £, $ ? Conclusions. Contents. Environmental Impact Assessment = EIA. Introduction. Why ?. Regulatory requirements. Public Involvement.

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Environmental Impact Assessment

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  1. Environmental Impact Assessment Frank van Gemert NRG, Radiation & Environment The Netherlands

  2. Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  3. Introduction Why ? How ? Who ? When ? €, £, $ ? Conclusions Contents Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  4. Environmental Impact Assessment = EIA Introduction Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  5. Why ? • Regulatory requirements • Public Involvement Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  6. COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 97/11/EC of 3 March 1997 amending DIRECTIVE 85/337/EEC of 27 June 1985 on the assessment of the effects of certain public and private projects on the environment. … See Chapter 5 Regulatory requirements Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  7. Takes a lot of time Creates additional burdens Environmental issues are for experts Public involvement But: Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  8. Brings additional expertise in the decision making process Results in better implemented and respected decisions Makes environmental legislation more effective Public involvement Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  9. A phased process How ? Screening Scoping Impact Evaluation Impact Statement Review and decision Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  10. A phased process How ? Screening Scoping Impact Evaluation Impact Statement Review and decision Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  11. Determine if an EIA is required EU guidance to facilitate the screening process Screening Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  12. Steps in screening Annex I or II ? Mandatory list ? Exclusion list ? Case-by-case; sign. effect ? yes no no no yes yes no yes Natura 2000; sign. effect ? EIA X X EIA no yes Record the decision X EIA Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  13. Characteristics of projects Location of Projects Characteristics of the potential impact Selection criteriacase by case screening Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  14. Screening checklist Checklist of criteria for evaluating the significance of environmental effects Screening tools Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  15. Characteristics of projects Location of Projects Characteristics of the potential impact Screening checklist Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  16. Size of the project Cumulation with other projects Use of natural resources Production of waste Pollution and nuisances Risk of accidents Characteristics of projects Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  17. Existing land use Relative abundance, quality and regenerative capacity if natural resources in the area Absorption capacity of the natural environment Location of projects Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  18. Extent of the impact (area, size of population) Transfrontier nature of the impact Magnitude and complexity of the impact Probability of the impact Duration, frequency and reversibility of the impact Characteristics of the potential impact Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  19. A phased process How ? Screening Scoping Impact Evaluation Impact Statement Review and decision Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  20. Must ensure that the environmental studies provide all the relevant information on: Scoping • The (most important) impacts • The alternatives to the project • Any other matter to be included Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  21. On request of the developer or Mandatory (in some member states) Scoping Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  22. Only when requested by the EIA developer Is undertaken by the Competent Authority Requires consulting of environmental authorities May involve consultation of other interested parties and the general public Results in a “Scoping Opinion” which forms the terms of reference for the EIA Requested scoping Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  23. Is undertaken by: (a) the Competent Authority or (b) the EIA developer Mandatory scoping Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  24. A draft “Scoping Report” is prepared Requires consulting of environmental authorities May involve consultation of other interested parties and the general public Results in a “Scoping Report” which forms the terms of reference for the EIA Mandatory scoping by developer Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  25. Undertaken by the Competent authority or by an independent body on behalf of the CA Requires consulting of environmental authorities by the CA May involve consultation of other interested parties and the general public Results in a “Scoping Opinion” which forms the terms of reference for the EIA Mandatory scoping by CA Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  26. Identify the types of environmental impacts to be investigated and reported and may also cover: Alternatives to consider Baseline surveys & investigations to carry out Methods & criteria to be used for prediction & evaluation of effects Mitigation measures to consider Organisations to consult Structure, content and length of the Environmental Information (EIS) Scoping Reports and Opinions Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  27. The provision of a Scoping Opinion does not preclude the competent authority from subsequently requiring the developer to submit further information if the CA considers that it is necessary. but: Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  28. Good scoping: Will involve the CA and the developer in a dialogue about the project and the issues it raises. Does not end with the delivery of the Scoping Report or Opinion. Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  29. Preliminary data collection and field work; Checklists; Scoping checklist part 1 & 2; Criteria for evaluation the significance of impacts; Potential alternatives and mitigation measures. Information for scoping Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  30. Physical changes in the locality; Use of natural resources; Harmful materials or substances; Produce of wastes; Emissions to air; Noise, light, electromagnetic radiation etc.; Contamination of land or ground or surface water; Risk of accidents; Social changes; Other factors. Scoping checklistpart 1 – project characteristics Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  31. Scoping checklist Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  32. Secondary or higher order effects Indirect effects Cumulative effects Temporary or intermittent effects Effects resulting from abnormal events Include: Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  33. Protected or sensitive species or fauna; Routes or facilities used by the public; Location to extreme climatic conditions; Employment; Community cohesion; Plans for future land use around the location; …. Scoping checklistpart 2 – characteristics of the environment Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  34. Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  35. Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  36. Environmental authorities Regional, local Pollution control Health & safety…….. Interested parties Environmental & social interest groups Employees’ organisations (e.g. unions) Research institutes… General public Residents Local community groups…. Consultation Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  37. Provide enough information; Make clear scoping is not about selling a project, but about hearing and understanding views; Provide sufficient time; The scoping stage does not preclude from making comments in a later stage; Ensure that views expressed are taken into account. Effective consultation Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  38. What effects could this project have on the environment? Which effects need particular attention in the environmental studies? Which alternatives and mitigating measures ought to be considered? Scoping - key questions Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  39. A phased process How ? Screening Scoping Impact Evaluation Impact Statement Review and decision Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  40. Description of the environmental baseline Impact identification Assessment of significance of impacts Mitigation measures Monitoring plan Environmental impact evaluation Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  41. Describes the environment prior to decommissioning: Natural environment (e.g. air and water quality, flora and fauna) Socio-economic factors (e.g. land use, infrastructure, economy) Environmental baseline Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  42. Actions in the decommissioning project (with potential to cause impact) Environmental factors (potentially affected by these impacts) Identification matrix Impact identification Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  43. Impact identification matrix(example) Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  44. Impact weighting schemes Take account of opinions of stakeholder groups Risk perception Professionals: probabilistic approach Other stakeholders: consequences of potential effects (even with very low probability Assessment of significance of impacts Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  45. Determine potential effectiveness for each scenario Demonstrate that further improvements are not justified Re-assess the environmental impact of the project Mitigation measures Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  46. Objective : Measure the impact of the decommissioning project Real impact vs. estimated impact Effectiveness of mitigating measures Parameters Methods Frequency Expected values Development of a monitoring plan Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  47. A phased process How ? Screening Scoping Impact Evaluation Impact Statement Review and decision Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  48. Provide information to: Environmental impact statement (EIS) • Decision makers • People potentially effected by the project Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  49. Clear structure EIS = tool to communicate • Description of procedure • Concise, comprehensive and objective • Consistent terminology, glossary • References to information sources • Description of methods used for studies • Clear discussion of alternatives • Non-technical summary Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

  50. A phased process How ? Screening Scoping Impact Evaluation Impact Statement Review and decision Eundetraf II - Environmental Impact Assessment

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