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The Dawes Act of 1887

The Dawes Act of 1887. By Matt Michniewicz, Cameron Harrell, Tae Hoon Park, and Jacob Friedman. The Dawes Act (February 8 th , 1887). encouraged Native Americans to give up their culture; become farmers Native Americans sent to reservations

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The Dawes Act of 1887

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  1. The Dawes Act of 1887 By Matt Michniewicz, Cameron Harrell, Tae Hoon Park, and Jacob Friedman

  2. The Dawes Act (February 8th, 1887) • encouraged Native Americans to give up their culture; become farmers • Native Americans sent to reservations • reservations: broken into 160 acre or 320 acre plots for each head of family • government sold left over land to white settlers

  3. Henry Dawes • Congressman from Massachusetts • Sponsored General Allotment Act (the Dawes Act) • Goal: to create independent farmers out of Indians

  4. Native American Life Before… • 150 million acres belonged to them • Hunted buffalo, elk, deer, kept some horses, went fishing • NO private property

  5. Tribes To Be Effected • Most tribes in the Great Plains *************************** • “FIVE CIVILIZED TRIBES” • (negotiated in 1893) Cherokees, Creeks, Choctaws, Chickasaws and Seminoles

  6. Effects On Native Americans • Children went to school to be trained as American citizens • Before: 150 million acres remained in Indian hands • After: 2/3 of that land was gone

  7. Failure of the Dawes Act • Not enough land to farm • Wrong/no tools • Did not have money to be successful

  8. Reactions • “The Indian may now become a free man… This bill may therefore be considered as the MAGNA CARTA of the Indians of our country.” -leader of “Friends of the Indians” ======the other side==== • “We do not want our land cut up in little pieces…” –Nez Perce

  9. The Aftermath • Land selected for Indians were soon controlled by non-Indians • Indians then received inadequate payment for the land they gave up • Indians usually spent money right away (not used to managing money)

  10. Bibliography www.ourdocuments.gov www.pbs.org www.nebraskastudies.org www.google.com

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