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THE OPPORTUNITIES OF HUNGARIAN WIND ENERGY

THE OPPORTUNITIES OF HUNGARIAN WIND ENERGY. Álvaro Rodrigues September 2008. Summary. . Renewable Energy Sources - Wind Energy . Renewables and electricity . Wind Energy in Europe – Hungary / Portugal . The “ingredients” for a wind farm project . Y do we care so much about wind?

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THE OPPORTUNITIES OF HUNGARIAN WIND ENERGY

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  1. THE OPPORTUNITIES OF HUNGARIAN WIND ENERGY Álvaro Rodrigues September 2008

  2. Summary . Renewable Energy Sources - Wind Energy . Renewables and electricity . Wind Energy in Europe – Hungary / Portugal . The “ingredients” for a wind farm project . Y do we care so much about wind? . Wind velocity, wind turbines and productivity . Uncertainty in resource evaluation and production estimates

  3. Renewable Energy Sources SOLAR THERMAL WIND WIND PHOTOVOLTAIC WAVES TIDAL BIOMASS GEOTHERMAL HYDRO WASTES

  4. Renewables and electricity Electricity PV Hydro Mechanical energy Waves Wind OTEC Thermal energy Atm. air Radiation Biomass Geothermal Tidal Chemical energy Nuclear

  5. Wind energy – annual growth

  6. 112 MW Wind energy in Europe - 2007

  7. Portugal / Hungary 93 030 km2 10 064 000 inh ~8,5 GW ~6,5 GW 92 391 km2 10 617 575 inh ~11,0 GW ~ 8,5 GW

  8. 124,950 112,075 Installed capacities Hungary Portugal

  9. Portugal – the target by 2012, 45% of the electricity consumption are to be provided by renewables considering the estimated growth of demand considering the contributions from other sources • it will be necessary to get ~ 5 700 MW from wind !

  10. NovEnergia II Hungary

  11. Wind / wind resource maps

  12. Wind farms - the “ingredients” LAND WIND TECHNOLOGY GRID

  13. … processing … done !!! LAND WIND TECHNOLOGY GRID

  14. Development of a wind energy project • Site selection • Contacts with local authorities • Negotiations for the land (rental or acquisition) • Wind measuring campaign • Environmental studies • Electrical connection study • Wind resource assessment • Project definition

  15. Development of a wind energy project • [Manufacturer pre-selection (WECs)] • Projects (main access, power line) • Call for tenders • Offer selection / negotiation / contract • Detailed projects • Construction • Commissioning • Follow up and performance verification

  16. Measuring the wind Why? Where? What? How? How long?

  17. Why measuring the wind? For a 2 MW (f≈ 80 m ) WEC

  18. Measuring effort

  19. Frequency [%] Wind velocity [m/s] What to measure? Direction and velocity rairAtmospheric pressure | ambient temperature | air humidity

  20. Positive shear factor Negative shear factor Which wind characteristics? Shear factor [ V / V0 = (h / h0)a] Height a.g.l. [m] Wind velocity [m/s]

  21. Wind velocity, wind turbines and productivity for 5,5 m/s at 60 m agl

  22. Which wind characteristics? Turbulence intensity [ I = / V] Turbulence intensity [%] Wind velocity [m/s]

  23. Seasonal variability Power flux [W/m2] Monthly average velocity [m/s] Monthly average velocity [m/s] Power flux [W/m2] How long shell a measuring campaign last?

  24. Inter-annual variability Annual average velocity [m/s] How long shell a measuring campaign last?

  25. Uncertainty in production estimates

  26. Uncertainty in production estimates

  27. 2300 hfc 2005 hfc 1857 hfc Exceedence probabilities

  28. That’s what we are looking for

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