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Ionic Nomenclature

Ionic Nomenclature. Multi- valent metals. Some transition metals are multivalent This means they have more than one ion form Look at the periodic table and locate some multivalent transition metals. What does multivalent mean?. What are multivalent ions?.

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Ionic Nomenclature

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  1. Ionic Nomenclature Multi-valent metals

  2. Some transition metals are multivalent • This means they have more than one ion form • Look at the periodic table and locate some multivalent transition metals What does multivalent mean?

  3. What are multivalent ions? For Example: Copper has 2 ion forms Can be a 1+ or 2+ ion Copper I Chloride Copper II Chloride

  4. We need to distinguish between the two or three different ion forms • Use roman numerals from I – VII which corresponds to 1+ - 7+ ion charges Metal Ion charge Roman Numeral 1+ I 2+ II 3+ III 4+ IV 5+ V 6+ VI 7+ VII Writing names for multivalent ions

  5. For example: • Nickel can have two ion forms, Ni2+ and Ni3+ • These are named nickel (II) and Nickel (III) • There will only be 1 multivalent metal in a compound • It is the metal so it is first in the name (same as ionic compounds) • The roman numeral will indicate which ion form is in the compound Writing formulas for compounds containing a multivalent metal

  6. Step 1: Identify each ion and its charge • Step 2: Determine the total charges needed to balance positive and negative • Step 3: Note the ratio of positive ions to negative ions • Step 4: Use subscripts to write the formula, 1’s are not shown in subscript Steps for writing formulas for multivalent compounds

  7. Ti4+ and F1- ions Total charge to balance +4 = -1-1-1-1 ratio 1 : 4 Try the formula for titanium (IV) fluoride formula TiF4 189-191

  8. Manganese (III) Sulfide The 3 on the Mn ion becomes the # of S ions Mn3+ and S2- ions Total charge to balance +3+3 = -2-2-2 ratio 2 : 3 Criss-cross rule: A useful trick formula Mn2S3

  9. Key Points: • The metal is always first • The metal is always the positive ion • The metal could be a multivalent metal • Go to the periodic table and check Writing formulas for compounds that contain a multivalent metal

  10. Iron (II) oxide • Iron (III) oxide • Copper (II) nitride • Lead (IV) sulfide • FeO • Fe2O3 • Cu3N2 • PbS2 Now try these:

  11. Step 1: Identify a multivalentmetal • Step 2: identify its different ion forms • Step 3: determine the ratio of ions in the formula • Step 4: what is the charge on the negative ion? • Step 5: Balance the positive and negative charges • Step 6: Write the name using roman numerals in brackets, following the positive ion to indicate which ion was used Steps for Writing formulas for compounds that contain a multivalent metal

  12. Is there a multivalent metal? • Yes, Fe, Iron • What are its different ion forms? • 3+ and 2+ • What is the ratio of ions • 1 Fe : 2 I • What is the charge on the negative ion • I, Iodine, ion charge is 1- • but there are 2 so the total negative charge is 2- • Balance the positive and negative charges • Iron must have a 2+ charge to balance the two 1- charges from Iodine • Write the name using a roman numeral to say which ion form of Iron is present • The negative ion must drop its ending and add –ide (same as ionic compounds) • Iron (II) Iodide Example: FeI2

  13. Pb • 2+ and 4+ • Pb 1: 4 F • F’s ion charge 1- • Balance the charges • 4+ charges to balance the 4 1- charges of F • Therefore Pb must be the 4+ ion • Lead (IV) Fluoride Try another example: PbF4

  14. Try it with copper: CuCl2 CuSO4 Cu2O CuO • Copper (II) chloride • Copper (II) sulphate • Copper (I) oxide • Copper (II) oxide Names with Multivalent Ions

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