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Arsenic Treatment – Hopi Case Study

Learn about arsenic treatment challenges in Hopi communities with case studies from Second Mesa Day School and BIA Keams Canyon. Discover solutions, cost comparisons, and the importance of pH control in treatment systems.

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Arsenic Treatment – Hopi Case Study

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  1. Arsenic Treatment – Hopi Case Study RCAP National Conference New Orleans, LA April 26, 2018

  2. Second Mesa, Hopi

  3. 7,000 residents • 12 villages • 1.5 Million Acres • Arid - 8.5” of precipitation annually Hopi Reservation in NE Arizona

  4. Spring water for irrigation and ceremonies

  5. Drinking Water • Deep groundwater (500’+) • Each village has its own system and operator • Not all households have running water

  6. Arsenic Treatment Systems • 5 villages, 2 schools + 1 hotel affected • Only 4 treatment systems in place: • Only 3 are functioning • 3 different types • 2 exceeded MCL within the past 18 months • HAMP (Hopi Arsenic Mitigation Project) pipeline project by 2023??

  7. Case Study #1 – Second Mesa Day School • K – 6 School • 376 students + staff • Arsenic = 18 ppb

  8. RCAC Assistance – Second Mesa Day School • Installed in 2013 • Out of compliance by 2016 • New operator never trained on system • Overly complicated system

  9. RCAC Assistance – Second Mesa Day School • Summer 2017 • Replaced pH probe + filters • Switched to manual control on CO2 • Re-calibrated CaCl2 • Back in Compliance by Q3 2017!

  10. Case Study # 2 – BIA Keams Canyon • CWS serving 861 people • BIA housing & offices (funding) • Arsenic = 30 ppb

  11. Package Plant + External Contractor • Installed in 2013 • Package plant (Adege) • Managed by External Contractor • Still in compliance

  12. Comparison • Package plant vs. Piecemeal design • Specialized contractor vs. in-house operator (learning curve) • Annual Recurring Costs: • Contractor = $60/capita/year • In-house = $45/capita/year • Compliance!

  13. Challenges with Arsenic Treatment • pH Control!! – media charge is pH dependent • Arsenic may be released with high pH • pH alarm / shut-off is necessary • High costs of filter media • >$25/capita/year on filter media • Complex • High-level operator or specialized contractor

  14. Thank you!

  15. Rural Community Assistance Partnership, Inc. WesternRural CommunityAssistance Corporation916/447-2854www.rcac.org MidwestMidwest Assistance Program952/758-4334www.map-inc.org SouthernCommunities Unlimited479/443-2700www.crg.org NortheastRCAP Solutions800/488-1969www.rcapsolutions.org Great LakesWSOS Community Action Commission800/775-9767www.glrcap.org SoutheastSoutheast Rural Community Assistance Project866/928-3731www.southeastrcap.org 800/321-7227 www.rcap.org

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