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Muon EDM in Storage Rings: Probing the Second Generation.

Fundamental Interactions Trento/Italy, 21-25 June 2004. Muon EDM in Storage Rings: Probing the Second Generation. Yannis K. Semertzidis Brookhaven National Laboratory. EDM Experimental Techniques EDMs in Storage Rings. á la Fortson. d. ~.

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Muon EDM in Storage Rings: Probing the Second Generation.

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  1. Fundamental Interactions Trento/Italy, 21-25 June 2004 MuonEDM in Storage Rings: Probing the Second Generation. Yannis K. Semertzidis Brookhaven National Laboratory • EDM Experimental Techniques • EDMs in Storage Rings

  2. ála Fortson d ~ Muon EDM in SM <10-38e cm, I. Khriplovich.

  3. E Small Signal + Compare the Zeeman Frequencies When E-field is Flipped: - Usual Experimental Method

  4. Neutron EDM Vs Year

  5. Electron EDM 10-20 Cs 10-22 Cs 10-24 Xe* Hg Experimental Limit on de (e .cm) Cs 10-26 Tl Tl Tl ?? 10-28 10-30 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

  6. Current Atomic EDM Limits • Paramagnetic Atoms, 205Tl: electron |de| < 1.610-27e·cm (90%CL) PRL 88, 071805 (2002) • Diamagnetic Atoms, 199Hg Nucleus: |d(199Hg)| < 2.110-28e·cm (95%CL) PRL 86, 2505 (2001)

  7. Electric Dipole Moments in Storage Rings e.g. 1T corresponds to 300 MV/m!

  8. Spin Precession in g-2 Ring(Top View) Momentum vector m Spin vector

  9. Spin Precession in g-2 Ring(Top View) Momentum vector m Spin vector

  10. Indirect Muon EDM limit from the g-2 Experiment z y s β x B Ron McNabb’s Thesis 2003:

  11. Look for g-2 Vertical Oscillation

  12. Canceling g-2 with a Radial E-field z B E y s β x

  13. Radial E-field to Cancel/Control the g-2 Precession • Radial E-Field: The method works well for particles with small anomalous magnetic moment a, e.g. Muons (a = 0.0011), Deuterons (a = -0.143), etc.

  14. Effect of E-Field to g-2 Precession In a B-Field In an E-Field

  15. Momentum vector Spin vector Spin Precession in g-2 Ring(Top View) m

  16. Momentum vector Spin vector Spin Precession in EDM Ring(Top View) m

  17. The muon spin precesses vertically (Side View)

  18. Equivalent E-Field:

  19. (U-D)/(U+D) vs Time

  20. Sources of Muon Systematic Errors: • Out of Plane Electric Field (Ev) • Geometrical Phases (2nd Order Effects) • Detector Related Effects • Beam Motion During Storage

  21. Effect of Vertical Component of E

  22. E E CW vs CCW B B E-Field does NOT flip sign!

  23. Effect of Vertical Component of E • Clock Wise and Counter-Clock Wise Injection: Background: Same Sign Signal: Opposite Sign • Protons β=0.15, γ=1.01, ω100105 θE rad/s • Deuterons β=0.2, γ=1.02, ω  10105 θE rad/s • Muons β=0.98, γ=5, ω  2105 θE rad/s • Other Diagnostics Include Injecting Forward vs Backward Polarized Beams as well as Radially Pol.

  24. Ev Issues: • Temporal Changes (CW and CCW every 10s) • Changes Correlated with B-Field Reversals (Fabry-Perot Resonator) • E-Field Multipoles Couple to Beam Moments (Pickup Electrodes; Beam Moment Manipulation)

  25. Tilt-meter Measurements at the g-2 Ring with 1nrad Resolution

  26. Spin Related Systematic Error Symmetries:(+) Same as EDM; (-) is opposite

  27. Two Major Ideas: • Radial E-field to Cancel the g-2 Precession • Injecting CW and CCW • Sensitivity: 10-24 e·cm statistical (1 yr, 0.75MW) • Sensitivity: 10-27 e·cm systematic error • Muon EDM LOI: (http://www.bnl.gov/edm) to J-PARC.

  28. Muon EDM Letter of Intent to J-PARC/Japan, 2003 † † # • †Spokesperson • # Resident Spokesperson

  29. Parameter Values of Muon EDM Experiment • Radial E-Field: • E=2MV/m • Dipole B-field:B~0.25T, R~10m • Muon Momentum:

  30. J-PARC Parameters

  31. Statistical Error (Muon Case): : 11s. Muon Lifetime A : 0.3 Vertical Asymmetry NTot P2: 51016 The beam intensity at J-PARC per year. ER : 2MV/m Radial electric field value per year

  32. SUSY: EDM, MDM and Transition Moments are in Same Matrix

  33. Expected Muon EDM Value from a

  34. Predictions in Specific Models 50 effect at 10-24 ecm Exp. Sensitivity! The predicted value for the electron is 10 times less than the current experimental limit.

  35. Linear Mass Scaling of Lepton EDM is Avoided in Specific Models • A. Pilaftsis, Nucl. Phys. B644 (2002) 263 • T. Feng et al., hep-ph/0305290

  36. g-2 Values • Electron 0.0016 done • Muon 0.0016 doing • Proton 1.8 ------ • Deuteron -0.15 OK!

  37. Deuteron Coherence Time • E, B field stability • Multipoles of E, B fields • Vertical (Pitch) and Horizontal Oscillations • Finite Momentum Acceptance ΔP/P At this time we believe we can do p 10s

  38. Deuteron EDM Signal: • Radial E-Field: e.g. for ER = 3.5MV/m, d = 10-27e·cm; ωd = 0.3µrad/s

  39. Enhancement of EDM Signalby Canceling the g-2 Precession • Edm Signal Rate: 0.3rad/s • With Cancellation:a 0.1 rad/s; Max vertical spin amplitude within 10s:  1rad • Without Cancellation:a 106 rad/s; Max vertical spin amplitude within 10s: 0.1prad

  40. Deuteron Statistical Error (200MeV): p : 10s. Polarization Lifetime (Coherence Time) A : 0.5 The left/right asymmetry observed by the polarimeter P : 0.55. The beam polarization Nc: 41011d/cycle. The total number of stored particles per cycle TTot: 107s. Total running time per year f : 0.01 Useful event rate fraction ER : 3.5MV/m. Radial electric field per year

  41. Deuteron EDM Signal is Strong: • Radial E-field Controls g-2 Precession Rate • Intense Polarized Deuteron Beams • Long Spin Coherence Time 10s • Polarimeters: Large Left/Right Asymmetry

  42. Deuteron EDM Systematics: • EV: CW vs CCW Injection • Geometrical Phases: Local Cancellation of g-2 and CW vs CCW Injection • Preliminary Flattening of Ring to 10-9rad: Beam Dynamics Resonance and Beam Position Monitors. The Spin Itself is Sensitive… • Detector Related Effects: CW vs CCW Injection, Spin Flip before Injection • Leakage Current is a Second Order Effect!

  43. Deuterons to Flatten EV for the Muon EDM Experiment • In one single injection deuterons can probe Ev to better than a factor of ten than needed for the muon. • Inject at different radii and heights to map and shim away Ev(x,y).

  44. Possible Further Improvement on the Muon EDM by a factor of ten: • Higher ER Fields: 8MV/m with gas to slow down free electrons. • 10 Muon Intensities under Study

  45. Summary Electric Dipole Moment Searches: • Exciting Physics, Forefront of SUSY/Beyond SM Search. • Revolutionary New Way of Probing EDMs, Muon and Deuteron Cases-Very Exciting.

  46. E-field Stability: Major Breakthrough Idea by Neil Shafer-Ray E-field Stability of Order 10-8 to 10-9

  47. Parameter Values of Muon EDM Experiment • Radial E-Field: • E=2MV/m • Dipole B-field:B ~ 0.25T , R ~ 10m • Muon Momentum: • Need NP2=1016 for 10-24e.cm. Muon EDM LOI: (http://www.bnl.gov/edm) to J-PARC, <one year of running. • F. Farley et al., hep-ex/0307006

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