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Health Factors and Access to Care in California’s Counties

Health Factors and Access to Care in California’s Counties. Prepared by: Stella Kim . Hospital Location Implications for Health. Hospitals are entries to health care access “Access to health services means the timely use of personal health services to achieve the best health outcomes”¹

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Health Factors and Access to Care in California’s Counties

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  1. Health Factors and Access to Care in California’s Counties Prepared by: Stella Kim

  2. Hospital Location Implications for Health • Hospitals are entries to health care access • “Access to health services means the timely use of personal health services to achieve the best health outcomes”¹ • California has 535 licensed acute care hospitals² Institute of Medicine, Committee on Monitoring Access to Personal Health Care Services. Access to health care in America. Millman M, editor. Washington: National Academies Press; 1993. Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development http://www.oshpd.ca.gov/HID/Products/FacilityList/HospitalListing_June2012.pdf Source: http://www.doh.state.fl.us/planning_eval/vital_statistics/Physician_Information_main_page.html

  3. Income and Hospital Location Variation • Hospitals are heavily clustered in wealthier counties • Median income varied from $36k in Modoc County to $94k in Marin County • Los Angeles County on the higher side of median income at $58,611 Skills: Geoprocessing(clipping) and Geocoding, Inset Map, Select by Attribute – “Highest Income Counties” was derived by Querying “Median Income” for “medincome.> 75000 and exporting data to a new layer. Map Prepared by Stella Kim Map Prepared by Stella Kim

  4. CA Geographic Terrain and Hospital Location Population Clusters and Hospital Location Map Prepared by Stella Kim Map Prepared by Stella Kim Skills: Geocoding, Geoprocessing(clipping) Skills: Geocoding, Geoprocessing(clipping), Point Graduated Symbol Sources: California Public Health Department, ARCGIS Online Basemap

  5. 10 Mile Radius of Hospitals Within Counties • In densely populated counties, most can access hospitals coverage of the entire county is generally within 10 miles • Rural counties have less hospitals and their ranges don’t meet Map Prepared by Stella Kim Skills: Geoprocessing (clipping), Geocoding, Buffering Source: US Census, California Department of Public Health

  6. Health Risks: Diabetes Incidence and Uninsured Populations • The CDC estimates that in the US, 8.3% of the population is currently diabetic¹ • In California the diabetic rate ranges from 8% to 10% • National uninsured rate was 15.7% in 2011 of 311 million people according to the US Census ² • California’s counties ranged from 12% in Marin County to 25% in Los Angeles County Center for Disease Control and Prevention http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/pdf/ndfs_2011.pdf Kaiser Health News http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/stories/2012/september/12/census-number-of-uninsured-drops.aspx

  7. California Counties Above National Average Percent of Diabetic Incidence California Counties Above National Average Percent of Uninsured Populations Sources: US Census, County Health Rankings Project Map Prepared by Stella Kim

  8. Methodology: County Health Rankings • County Health Ranking Project funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation ¹ • Ranks counties based on Health Factors, tobacco usage, sex, diet, access to care, quality of care, income, employment, education and environment • Also ranks counties based on health outcomes including morbidity, mortality, health behaviors, clinical care. County Health Rankings http://www.countyhealthrankings.org/

  9. County Health Rankings Highest to Lowest Skills: Geoprocessing (clipping), Geocoding Map Prepared by Stella Kim

  10. LA County: A Closer Look

  11. FINDINGS & NEXT STEPS • FINDINGS: • Median Income breakdown of counties are very similar to County Health Rankings with wealthier and higher ranked counties having the most hospitals and access of care • Counties with high incidence of diabetes, and uninsured populations are lacking in hospital service. • Additional variables and data must be examined to better compare LA County’s health status and hospital utilization as a possible factor for the final

  12. SKILLS UTILIZED • Inset Map • Geocoding • Geoprocessing • Point symbol • Buffering • Attribute sub-set selections

  13. Challenges • CHALLENGES: GIS steep learning curve, DATA DATADATA, finding it and manipulating it. Lack of actual hospital utilization data put further query at a standstill • FURTHER QUERIES: Thorough examination and hunting of original data for an innovative project

  14. Sources • US Census • California Department of Public Health • County Health Ranking Project • Kaiser Health News • Center for Disease Control • Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development • Institute of Medicine

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