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中世の言語 The Language of Medieval Japan

中世の言語 The Language of Medieval Japan. Anna Novosel. Contents. Review of major sound changes Major literary and cultural works Three main types of language Some other literature of the time. 13 th Century [i] and [w j i] > [i] [je] and [we] > [je]

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中世の言語 The Language of Medieval Japan

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  1. 中世の言語The Language of Medieval Japan Anna Novosel

  2. Contents • Review of major sound changes • Major literary and cultural works • Three main types of language • Some other literature of the time

  3. 13th Century [i] and [wji] > [i] [je] and [we] > [je] syllable final nasal became [ɴ], [o:], or [e:] 14th Century uu (u’u) > u: iu > ju: au > ɔ: > o: ou > o: eu > jo: 15th-16th Century [kje] > [ke] [ʃe] > [se] [ʒe] >[ze] [dji] [du]> [ʤi] [ʣu] [ɸa] [ɸji] [ɸu] [ɸe] [ɸo] > [ha] [çi] [ɸu] [he] [ho] [tji] [tu] > [ʧi] [ʦu] Review of MajorSound Changes

  4. Review of Systematic Grammatical Sound Changes • 音便　(onbin) ‘euphony’ • From 平安 through 中世 • 動詞の音便　in てform verbs • 咲きて > 咲いて • 立ちて > 立って etc. • 形容詞の音便 • 白く > 白う • 白き > 白い

  5. Review of Grammatical Changes • この人は美しいhas the same meaning as 美しい人 • Change from なり to なる • More case particles were used • が、を、etc. • Verb suffixes added to be more formal • Verb endings change • た

  6. Major Literary and Theatrical Styles • 随筆 Zuihitsu • 物語 Tales • 擬古物語 Giko monogatari • 能 Noh Drama • 狂言 Kyogen • 連歌　Renga • 御伽草子 Otogizoshi(short stories) • 説話 Tales (often Buddhist)

  7. 方丈記Hojoki Kamo no Chomei 1212 平家物語 The Heike Kakuichi 1371 新古今集 The Shinkokinshu 1205 百人一首　Hyakunin Ishhu Early 13th Century Fujiwara no Teika Major Literary Works

  8. Three Language Styles • 和漢混交文　わかんこんこうぶん • 擬古文　ぎこぶん • 中世口語文　ちゅうせいこうごぶん

  9. 和漢混交文 • 平家物語 and 方丈記 • Use of kana in grammar structures • Introduction of ッ　(pg 408, line 1) • Extensive use of Chinese character compounds • ぞ　ending

  10. 中世口語文 • 狂言 • “ざって” • “やさしい” (pg 29, 4th from end) • “ござる” • “じゃ” • Onomatopoeia (pg 359)

  11. Kyogen • “Tied to a Stick”

  12. 能 • 観阿弥清次 （かんあみきよつぐ） • 1333-1384 • actor who made Noh famous • Poetry in original form • Buddhist prayers • Original Japanese • Prose in upper class 14th century language

  13. Noh • “The Well-Curb”

  14. 新古今集 and 百入一首 • Same poetry writing as before • Shinkokinshu prefaces • Kana preface • Similar to The Tale of Genji and poetry in the Shinkokinshu • Mana (Chinese) preface • Similar to Nara period writing • Uses 漢文

  15. Internet Based Noh and Kyogen movies Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan Encyclopedia Britannica Online Shinkokinshu Text Based Hojoki Noh and Kyogen Sources

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