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Understanding Basics of Occupational Therapy

The power point presentation is for therapists and educators working in inclusive schools and special schools

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Understanding Basics of Occupational Therapy

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  1. Understanding Basics of Occupational Therapy -LalitKishore Disha-Jaipur

  2. Defining occupation • Occupation is viewed as an engagement in a meaningful activity of daily living or other related specific activity for its improvement for a person’s functionality towards self-care • Thus, ‘occupation’ is a meaningful Activity of Daily Living (ADL) in which one engages himself or herself in order to occupy one's time or strive and persist for betterment inthe identified and diagnosed aspects of the activity.

  3. Converting daily life activity into therapy • The therapeutic use of everyday activities or occupations is organised for improvement. • A trained and certified OTs work with people with for improving dally life activities such as • Mental Challenges • Disabilities • Injuries • Pains • Impairments /Dysfunctions

  4. American Occupational Therapy Association's 8 OT areas • Activities of Daily Living (ADLs): related to self-care • Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs): related to complex activities in caring for self and others or peers • Educational Activities: related to learning including formal and informal education settings • Work Activities: related basic single task employment skills or volunteer activities • Play Activities: related enjoyment in solo or group games with boards or fun games • Leisure Activities: related to intrinsically motivated activities that are non-obligatory such as arts, crafts, creative activities • Social Participation Activities: related to involvement and interaction with family, community, and friends; cultural events, manners • Rest and Sleep: Includes preparation, posture and participation routines of resting, relaxing and sleeping

  5. IN NUTSHELL • Occupational Therapy (OT) is the use of Assessment and Treatment (A&T) to Develop, Recover, or Maintain (DRM) the Activities Of Daily Living (ADLs) and Specific Work Skills (SWSs) of people with a physical, mental, social deficits. • Formulas to remember and apply • OT= ADLs (A&T + DRM) • Sp OT = SWSs (A&T + DRM)

  6. Features of OT • These occupations or daily life activity improvement interventions to become therapy must have the following attributes. • Goal-directed • Task specific and procedural • Culturally relevant • Role specific • Individually tailored and /or community-oriented

  7. OT Process • The following process is often followed by an occupational therapist • Assessment • Intervention design and development • Trialling intervention • Prognosis of recovery • Practice for maintaining the meaningful ADLs or occupations

  8. Role as co-functionary • Occupational therapists are required to work closely with a guiding philosophy humanism... • Doctors • Physical Therapists • Speech Therapists • Audiologists • Nursing Staff • Social Workers • Clinical Psychologists • Other Therapists • Educational Functionaries

  9. Plus points • Occupation therapy has the following plus points • has positive effect on health • enhances social and mental well-being • creates structure and organizes time. • brings meaning to life • helps in cultural integration • empowers individual towards independence • leads to cognitive development

  10. More on Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) • ADLs are those daily activities that are required to take care of the body and its basic functions • Examples of ADLs are : • Bathing • Showering • Toileting and toilet hygiene, • Personal hygiene and grooming • Dressing, • Swallowing/drinking, eating and feeding, • Functional mobility • Handing over and arranging things • Taking turns • Social activities • Instrumental activities of daily living such as communication of needs • Money handling • Manners • Similar other client specific activities

  11. Some inspirational quotes for OTs • The secret of getting ahead is getting started. The secret of getting started is breaking down complex overwhelming tasks into small manageable tasks, and then starting on the first one. ~ Mark Twain • You treat a disease: you win, you lose. You treat a person; I guarantee you win - no matter what the outcome. ~ Patch Adams • A pessimist sees the difficulty in every opportunity; an optimist sees the opportunity in every difficulty. ~Winston S. Churchill • A true occupational therapist is a design and development action researcher to mitigate the impairments in activities of daily living of a person. ~LalitKishore

  12. OT Haiku Occupy, practice / For self-care, independence / In daily life acts. ~LalitKishore

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