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Generalized Unequal Error Protection LT Codes for Progressive Data Transmission. Suayb S. Arslan , Student Member, IEEE, Pamela C. Cosman , Fellow, IEEE, and Laurence B. Milstein, Fellow, IEEE. Outline. Introduction Background UEP DF Code Designs
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Generalized Unequal Error Protection LT Codes for Progressive Data Transmission Suayb S. Arslan, Student Member, IEEE, Pamela C. Cosman, Fellow, IEEE, and Laurence B. Milstein, Fellow, IEEE
Outline • Introduction • Background • UEP DF Code Designs • UEP GENERALIZED LT (UEP GLT) CODING • Generalization of “weighted approach” • Generalization of EWF codes • Progressive source transmission system description • Optimization • Numerical Results • Comparisons with the “weighted approach” • Comparisons with UEP EWF codes • Conclusion
Introduction(1/2) • UEP(Unequal Error Protection) • Some source symbols are more important than others. • URT(Unequal Recovery Time) • The more important section can be recovered earlier in time. • UIT(Unequal Iteration Time) • Evaluate system performance as a function of the iteration index of the decoding algorithm.
Introduction(2/2) • Introduce a systematic degree-dependent selection concept. • Tailor the parameters of the proposed design to get dramatic improvements in expected distortion. • Apply the generalized LT codes to a progressive source and show that it has better UEP properties than other published results in the literature.
Background • Progressive Source Coding • The beginning part of the bit stream is more important than the succeeding parts of the bit stream. • In progressive source transmission, it is of more concern to consider the decoded useful bits rather than the decoded total bits. • Fountain Codes
UEP DF Code Designs(1/2) • Weighted Approach • 1) choose degree according to some degree distribution(DD). • 2) for( i = 1 to i = ) • A) choose the set from {,, …, } with probability . • B) select input symbol uniformly from the set without replacement. • 3) XOR input symbols. k source symbols = …, and = i j. | | = k is an integer, where 0 < < 1 and = 1.
UEP DF Code Designs(2/2) • Expanding Window Fountain Codes • 1) randomly choose a window according to a window selection distribution(SD).—definition 3 • 2) LT coding is applied only to the bits contained in that window using a suitably chosen degree distribution.—definition 4 k source symbols = …, and = i j. | | = k is an integer, where 0 < < 1 and = 1. r embedded windows such that = .
UEP GENERALIZED LT (UEP GLT) CODING • Apply the degree-dependent selection idea to provide increased UEP, URT and UIT properties. • Generalization of “weighted approach” • Generalization of EWF codes
Generalization of “weighted approach”(1/3) : degree distribution vector Parameter size = (r-1)k+k-1
Generalization of “weighted approach”(3/3) • The unequal protectionsachieved by allowing coded symbols to make more edge connections with more important information sets. • It is beneficial to have low degree check nodes generally make edge connections with important information sets.
Optimization(1/3) • Design criterion • minimize the average distortion as equation (3). • To reduce the number of optimization parameters • Choose SD to be an exponential function of the degree number.
Optimization(2/3) Parameter size = (r-1)k+k-1 Parameter size = 3(r-1) +k-1
Numerical Results • Use standard 512*512 Lena and 512*512 Goldhill images. • B = 50000 bits • Run all realization times • 2 different values for k: k=100 and k=1000. • Set r = 2 and + = 1. • Use the RSD with = c = 0.01.
Truncated RSD [17] Comparisons with UEP EWF codes [17] D. Sejdinovic, D. Vukobratovic, A. Doufexi, V. Senk and R. Piechocki, “Expanding window Fountain codes for Unequal Error Protection”, IEEE Trans. Commun., Vol. 57, No. 9, pp. 2510–2516, Sep. 2007.
Comparisons with UEP EWF codes • GLTexp:This scheme uses the Exponential SD with and optimizes the set { , }so that the proposed scheme achieves minimum distortion. • GLTexpOpt:This scheme uses the Exponential SD with. It optimizes the set { , , ,}sothat the proposed scheme achieves minimum distortion. • GLTexpFullOpt:This scheme uses the Exponential SD and optimizes the whole set of parameters{ , , , , }so that the proposed scheme achieves minimum distortion. As increasing the parameter space,we observe dramatic improvements in a progressive transmission scenario.