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Chapter Two, Section Three

Chapter Two, Section Three. “The Nation’s First Governments”. Urge for Self Government. Urge for Self Government. New Hampshire will become the colony to organize as a “state”. They created a “ constitution ” for their new state months before independence was declared.

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Chapter Two, Section Three

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  1. Chapter Two, Section Three

  2. “The Nation’s First Governments”

  3. Urge for Self Government

  4. Urge for Self Government • New Hampshire will become the colony to organize as a “state”. • They created a “constitution” for their new state months before independence was declared.

  5. Urge for Self Government • A “constitution” is a detailed, written plan for government. • By 1780, the remaining colonies also followed their lead.

  6. New Governments • These early governments created legislatures to create laws. • Most were “bicameral”, meaning they were divided into TWO houses or parts.

  7. New Governments • Each state had a governor who was elected by the legislature or the people. • The governors were to carry out the laws.

  8. New Governments • Finally, a system of judges and courts were created. • The courts were to interpret the laws and decide how they should be applied.

  9. Massachusetts???

  10. Massachusetts??? • Split power among 3 branches. • Governor could “check” power of legislature. • State constitution created by elected delegates, then approved by citizens.

  11. Need for Unity

  12. Need for Unity • If the colonies were to be successful against Great Britain, it was imperative that they stand united. • 13 separate states would be easily conquered by Britain.

  13. “Articles of Confederation”

  14. “Articles of Confederation” • The “Articles of Confederation” was the first attempt at a constitution for the United States. • A “confederation” is a group of individuals (or governments) who band together for a common purpose.

  15. Problems Quickly Begin!

  16. Problems Quickly Begin! • The “Articles of Confederation” created a one house legislature, with each state having one vote. • BUT, it had no power to enforce laws or collect taxes!

  17. Problems Quickly Begin! • 1781, all 13 states had “ratified”, or approved, the constitution. • But to pass any laws, 9 of the 13 states had to agree. • To “amend”, or change, any parts required a unanimous vote!

  18. It seemed like THIS…

  19. But it is really THIS!!

  20. Looks good, but no real power!

  21. Revolutionary War

  22. Revolutionary War • In 1783, the “United States” defeats Great Britain after 7 years of war. • The “Treaty of Paris” ends the conflict. • The new Congress found itself deep in debt (as did the states).

  23. Shay’s Rebellion (1786-1787)

  24. Shay’s Rebellion (1786-1787) • In Massachusetts, a farmer named Daniel Shay led over 1,200 farmers on a raid against a federal arsenal. • Shay was protesting the seizure of his farm by the government.

  25. Return to Philadelphia • After the rebellion, 12 states agreed to return to Philadelphia to revise the “Articles of Confederation”. • Their goal was to create a stronger central government.

  26. George Washington’s Advice • “I do not conceive we can exist long as a nation without having lodged somewhere a power, which will pervade the whole Union.”

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