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Peer-to-Peer Network

Peer-to-Peer Network. Computers communicate on single segment of cable and share each other’s data and devices Simple example of a local area network (LAN). Figure 1-2: Simple peer-to-peer network. Peer-to-Peer Network. Simple to configure and require little expertise

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Peer-to-Peer Network

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  1. Peer-to-Peer Network • Computers communicate on single segment of cable and share each other’s data and devices • Simple example of a local area network (LAN) Figure 1-2: Simple peer-to-peer network

  2. Peer-to-Peer Network • Simple to configure and require little expertise • Less expensive than other setups • Not very flexible solution • Net very secure solution • Not very practical for connecting more than a few computers • Does not require NOS

  3. Networking Basics Figure 1-3: LAN with a file server

  4. Networking Basics Figure 1-4: An example of a complex network

  5. Advantages of Server-Based over Peer-to-Peer Networks • User login accounts and passwords can be assigned in one place • Access to multiple shared resources can be centrally granted • Servers are optimized to handle heavy processing loads and dedicated to handling requests from clients • Servers can connect more than a handful of computers

  6. MANs and WANs • Metropolitan area network (MAN) • Network connecting clients and servers in multiple buildings within limited geographic area • Wide area network (WAN) • Network that spans large distance and connects two or more LANs • The Internet is an example of a very intricate and extensive WAN that spans the globe

  7. WAN Figure 1-5: A simple WAN

  8. Elements Common to AllServer-Based Networks • Client • In addition to referring to a computer on the network, may also refers to human user of client workstation • Server • Workstation • Network interface card (NIC) • Enables workstation to connect to the network and communicate with other computers

  9. Elements Common to AllServer-Based Networks Figure 1-6: A network interface card (NIC)

  10. Elements Common to AllServer-Based Networks • Network operating system (NOS) • Host • Server that manages shared resources • Node • Client, server, or other device that can communicate over a network and that is identified by a unique identifying number, known as its network address

  11. Elements Common to AllServer-Based Networks • Topology • Physical layout of computer network • More detail in Ch. 5 Figure 1-7: Commonly used network topologies

  12. Elements Common to AllServer-Based Networks • Protocol • Rules network uses to transfer data • Ensures data are transferred whole, in sequence, and without error (Ch. 3) • Data Packets • The distinct units of data transmitted from one computer to another on a network (Ch. 2/3)

  13. Elements Common to AllServer-Based Networks • Addressing • Scheme for assigning unique identifying number to every workstation on network • The number that uniquely identifies each workstation and device on a network is its address (Ch. 2/3)

  14. Elements Common to AllServer-Based Networks • Transmission media • Means through which data are transmitted and received • More detail in Ch. 4 Figure 1-8: Examples of network transmission media

  15. How Networks Are Used • Services • Features provided by a network – most visible is e-mail • File and print services • Communications services (RAS) • Mail services • Internet services • Management services

  16. Network Services • File services • Refers to capability of a server to share data files, applications, and disk storage space • Server that provides file services is called a file server • Print services • Allows printers to be shared by several users on a network

  17. Network Services • Communications services • Allow remote users to connect to a network • Remote user • Person working on a computer in a different geographical location from the LAN’s server • Win 2K – Remote Access Server (RAS) • Netware – Network Access Server (NAS) • Communications server • Server that runs communications services • Also referred to as access servers and remote access servers

  18. Network Services • Mail services • Coordinate storage and transfer of e-mail between users on a network • May include a Gateway • Combination of software and hardware enabling two different kinds of networks to exchange data • Internet services • Enable networks to communicate with the Internet

  19. Network Services • Management services • Centrally administer and simplify complicated management tasks on the network • Numerous services fall under category of network management

  20. Important Management Services • Traffic monitoring and control • Traffic • Data transmission and processing activity taking place on a computer network at any given time • Segment • Part of LAN that is logically separated from other parts of LAN and that shares fixed amount of traffic capacity

  21. Important Management Services • Load balancing • Distributing process activity evenly across a network so that no single device is overwhelmed • Hardware diagnosis and failure alert • Determining when a network component fails and automatically notifying network administrators through e-mail or pager

  22. Important Management Services • Asset management • Collecting and storing data on number and types of software and hardware assets in an organization’s network • License tracking • Determining how many copies of a single application are currently in use on a network

  23. Important Management Services • Security auditing • Evaluating what security measures are currently in force and notifying network administrator if a security breach occurs • Software distribution • Automatically transferring data file or program from the server to a client on the network

  24. Important Management Services • Address management • Centrally administering a finite number of network addresses for an entire LAN • Backup and restoration of data • Backing up • Copying critical files to a secure storage area • Restoring • Retrieving data if original files are lost or deleted • Covered more in depth in Ch. 12/13

  25. Becoming a Network Professional • Mastering the technical challenges • Developing your “soft skills” • Pursuing certification • Finding a job in networking • Joining professional associations

  26. Mastering the Technical Challenges • Specialty areas in high demand for networking professionals: • Network security • Internet and intranet design • Network management • Voice/data integration (VoIP) • Remote and mobile computing

  27. Mastering the Technical Challenges • Specialty areas in high demand for networking professionals (cont.): • Data integrity and fault tolerance • In-depth knowledge of Microsoft networking products • In-depth knowledge of NetWare networking products (decreasing) • In-depth knowledge of router configuration and management (Cisco)

  28. Developing Your “Soft Skills” • Skills not easily measured but important to a networking career: • Customer relations • Oral and written communications • Dependability • Teamwork • Leadership abilities

  29. Pursuing Certification • Certification • Process of mastering material pertaining to a particular hardware system, operating system, programming language, or other software program, then proving your mastery by passing a series of exams • Computer Technology Association (CompTIA) • An association that sets industry-wide standards for computer professionals

  30. Pursuing Certification • A+ • Certification established by CompTIA • Verifies knowledge about PC operation, repair, and management • Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer (MCSE) • Certification established by Microsoft • Demonstrates in-depth knowledge about Microsoft’s products • Microsoft Certified Systems Administrator (MCSA) • MCSE – designs networks; MCSA – administers networks

  31. Pursuing Certification • Certified NetWare Engineer (CNE) • Certification established by Novell • Demonstrates in-depth understanding of Novell’s networking software • Network+ (Net+) • Certification established by CompTIA • Verifies broad, vendor-independent networking technology skills

  32. Pursuing Certification • Benefits of becoming certified include: • Better salary • Greater opportunities • Professional respect • Access to better support • Good way to “prove” you have at least some knowledge of a specific skill • Degree vs. certification debate

  33. Finding a Job in Networking • Search the Web • Read the paper • Visit a career center • Network • Attend career fairs

  34. Finding a Job in Networking Table 1-1: Web sites with job databases

  35. Joining Professional Associations • Benefits can include: • Connecting with people who have similar interests • Providing new opportunities for learning • Allowing access to specialized information • Giving you tangible assets such as free goods

  36. Joining Professional Associations Table 1-2: Web sites of networking organizations

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