NYSPHSAA Mental Health Awareness Week

1. NYSPHSAA Mental Health Awareness Week

2. “The thing is, because we can’t see it, we don’t know who’s going through what, and we don’t know when, and we don’t always know why. Mental health is an invisible thing, but it touches ALL OF US at some point or another. It’s part of life.” -Kevin Love

3. The Mental Health Crisis

4. 1. Our emotional, psychological, and social well-being 2. A main determinant in how we handle stress, relate to others, and make choices Mental Health 3. A fluctuating and treatable component of our overall health www.mentalhealth.gov

5. Leading causes of Death by Age Group, US 2017 Mental Illness Conditions that affect a person’s thinking, feeling, mood, or behavior Caused by... • Biological factors. (Ex: genes, brain chemistry) • Psychological factors. (Ex: trauma, abuse, loss) • Environmental factors. (Ex: poverty, sociocultural expectations, familial dysfunction) National Alliance on Mental Illness; www.mentalhealth.gov; The Kim Foundation; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

6. Mental Illness in Teens Fact: 1 in 5 children ages 13-18 have, or will have, a serious mental health condition 11% 10% 8% 20% 20% of youth live with a mental health condition 11% of youth have a mood disorder 10% of youth have a behavior or conduct disorder 8% of youth have an anxiety disorder National Alliance on Mental Illness

7. Types of Mental Health Disorders • Anxiety Disorders • Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder • Disruptive Behavior Disorders • Depression and Mood Disorders • Eating Disorders • Personality Disorders • Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) • Schizophrenia Spectrum and Psychotic Disorders • Substance Use Disorders www.mentalhealth.gov

8. Two Forms of Stigma Self-Stigma Internalizing by the mental health sufferer of their perceptions of discrimination Social Stigma Prejudicial attitudes and discriminating behaviour directed toward individuals with mental health problems as a result of the psychiatric label they have been given www.psychologytoday.com; Graham C.L. Davey Ph.D.

9. Impact of Sports on Mental Health • Student-athletes can and do get depressed, although at a lower rate as compared to non-athletes • Due to sudden or unexpected life changes, student-athletes are just as likely to attempt suicide and up to 5x as likely to succeed at committing suicide as their non-athlete peers • Burnout, a response to chronic stress and continued demands in a sport or activity without the opportunity for physical and mental rest, should be considered and understood by parents and coaches Sabo, D., Miller, K. E., Melnick, M. J., Farrell, M. P., & Barnes, G. M. (2005). High School Athletic Participation and Adolescent Suicide. International Review for the Sociology of Sport,40(1), 5-23. Difiori, J. P., Benjamin, H. J., Brenner, J. S., Gregory, A., Jayanthi, N., Landry, G. L., & Luke, A. (2014). Overuse injuries and burnout in youth sports: A position statement from the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine. British Journal of Sports Medicine,48(4), 287-288. Steptoe, A., & Butler, N. (1996). Sports participation and emotional wellbeing in adolescents. The Lancet,347(9018), 1789-1792.

10. Sports can be a factor in the CAUSE of mental illness, but more importantly they can be part of the SOLUTION.

11. 2. Mental Health Awareness Week April 29 - May 3, 2019 Week #44 Training should be provided to non-healthcare professionals (coaches, teachers, and athletic directors) as well as students to help them become aware of how to identify mental health signs and symptoms and get professionals involved as soon as possible.

12. About half of mental illnesses begin by age 14, but there is an average 10 year gap between onset and initial treatment; most early signs of mental illness are mistaken for normal adolescent development. During this period of untreated illness, individuals are at an increased risk for self medication, academic regression, and legal conflict. Mental health awareness helps ease people into the process of seeking aid for themselves or others; it helps everyone to recognize the signs and symptoms. Confiding in a peer, trusted adult, or professional is extremely beneficial because 60-90% of those who receive treatment experience positive outcomes. Why It’s Necessary www.mentalhealthednys.org

13. “I thought asking for help was a sign of weakness because that’s kind of what society teaches us. That’s especially true from an athlete’s perspective. If we ask for help, then we’re not this big macho athlete that people can look up to. Well, you know what? If someone wants to call me weak for asking for help, that’s their problem. Because I’m saving my own life." -Michael Phelps

14. Daily Themes

15. Goal: Students will explore their goals and how their actions can directly lead to accomplishments. Activity: Students will write their goals for the next year, five years, and ten years on an index card. Each student will then explain how they can accomplish these goals; peers will ask questions, provide encouragement, and give advice. Teachers may choose to keep these cards and return them to students at a designated time in the future. Motivation Monday

16. Instagram accounts. Provide... a. Inspirational stories b. Uplifting quotes c. Facts and information @namicommunicate @mentalhealthamerica • Articles. Address how teachers may help motivate students using... • Autonomy b. Competence c. Relatedness d. Relevance https://www.edutopia.org/blog/strategies-helping-students-motivate-themselves-larry-ferlazzo?utm_content=blog&utm_campaign=strategies-help-students-motivate-themselves&utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=socialflow&utm_term=second-image https://www.edsys.in/20-motivational-activities-for-college-students/# Admin./Coach Resources and Additional Activities

17. Goal: Students will learn that people with a mental illnesses are not to be feared, judged, avoided or discriminated against. Activity: Students will examine portrayals of mental illness in the media or pop culture and discuss how they do or do not stigmatize mental illness and people who experience mental illness. They will discuss the negative impacts of stigma and examine whether they have ever stigmatized someone. Stigma Tuesday www.canwetalk.ca

18. Activities, video links, surveys, and guided questions. Addresses how... • Stigma results in discriminatory behaviour and treatment • Fear of stigma prevents people from seeking help for mental illness • Stigma is perpetuated through mistaken beliefs and can be seen in people’s attitudes, public policy, and the media • Stigma can be reduced through education http://teenmentalhealth.org/schoolmhl/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/Module-1-2015.9.pdf • Activities and pictures. Helps by... • Bringing awareness to the stigma around mental wellness • Recognizing the power of positive vs. negative words https://ourmindsmatter.org/activities/november/reducing-stigma-words/ Admin./Coach Resources and Additional Activities

19. Goal: Students will learn strategies to cope with hardships in their lives and persevere through difficult events and situations. Activity: NFHS Mental Health and Suicide Prevention Course (Free) https://nfhslearn.com/courses/61160/student-mental-health-and-suicide-prevention Management Wednesday

20. Infographics/posters. Address how to manage anxiety and stress through... • Attitude and mindset b. Maintenance of a healthy body c. Positive personal and community strategies http://www.mentalhealthamerica.net/conditions/infographic-how-deal-stress-and-anxiety • Stress activities. Help by... • Showing that management of positive/negative stress can affect health • Recognizing that stressors affect individuals differently • Developing personal strategies for dealing with stress/change http://canwetalk.ca/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/COOR-79l-2016-03-CWT-lesson-plans.pdf Note: this link also leads to activities that help explain stigma and promote positive inner dialogue Admin./Coach Resources and Additional Activities

21. Goal: Students and faculty will learn how to recognize symptoms of mental illness in themselves and those around them. Activity: Students will brainstorm signs they believe could indicate mental health struggles in adolescents. Educators will direct the conversation toward the list below and will discuss NAMI’s warning signs of mental health issues. https://www.nami.org/learn-more/know-the-warning-signs Perception Thursday

22. Lists of warning signs and pieces of advice. Address... • Common signs of mental illness in adults and adolescents • Basic coping tips, definitions, and ways to help https://www.mentalhealth.gov/talk/educators http://www.mentalhealthamerica.net/recognizing-warning-signs • Article. Addresses myths regarding childhood mental illness. https://childmind.org/article/7-myths-about-child-mental-health/ • Article. Addresses... • How not all children “fit the typical mold for depression and anxiety” • Why adolescents may hide their issues from friends and family https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/family-resources-education/700childrens/2017/11/teen-mental-health-issues-and-the-not-my-kid-phenomenon Admin./Coach Resources and Additional Activities

23. Goal: Students will learn how to approach and communicate with someone they believe shows signs of mental illness. Students will learn how to contact an adult, will be provided organizations to contact if they or a friend need assistance, and will be introduced to people at their school who may help. Activity: Students will be shown the link below and will discuss why certain helpful behaviors may assist a friend more than others. They will learn to ask open-ended questions, to summarize what their friend is saying, and to never criticize, assume, or advise. https://www.nami.org/Get-Involved/NAMI-FaithNet/Tips-For-How-to-Help-a-Person-with-Mental-Illness Helping Friday

24. Detailed instructions on how to discuss mental health. Include... • Example leading questions to help begin conversations • Tips on how to remain supportive, understanding, and patient • Advice for emergency scenarios https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/guides-to-support-and-services/seeking-help-for-a-mental-health-problem/helping-someone-else-seek-help/#.XFcB7i3Mx3k https://www.mentalhealth.gov/talk/friends-family-members https://www.nami.org/Find-Support/Teens-Young-Adults/How-to-Help-a-Friend http://www.heretohelp.bc.ca/factsheet/supporting-a-friend-or-family-member-with-a-mental-illness • National Helplines for suicide prevention. • National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255 • Lifeline Chat: https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org/chat/ • National Hope Line: 1-800-SUICIDE (784-2433) • The Help Line USA: 1-800-785-8111 • Girls and Boys Town: 1-800-448-3000 • Covenant House: 1-800-999-9999 • The Trevor Project: 1-800-850-8078 (for gay or questioning youth) Admin./Coach Resources and Additional Activities

25. 3. Overarching Lessons

26. Encourage Positive Habits • Talk openly about mental health. This will display a safe and supportive environment that can empower someone to seek help. • Model your own healthy habits to demonstrate how life’s stressors can be managed effectively. This can help individuals develop their own strategies to reduce stress. • Promote community service in order to meet new people, gain a sense of belonging, and find purpose. www.mentalhealthednys.org

27. Make Mental Health and Wellness a Priority • Connect with others; keep in touch • Stay positive and accept who you are • Become physically active • Care for and help others • Get enough sleep • Create joy and satisfaction • Eat well • Care for your spirit • Cope properly • Get professional help if necessary Dr. Jeff Pauline - Syracuse University

28. Keep the Conversation Going • Educate yourself and others • See the person, not the condition • Take the pledge:https://www.nami.org/stigmafree/pledge • Start a mental health awareness club at your school https://www.activeminds.org/programs/chapter-network/start-a-chapter-faq/ https://mindingyourmind.org/what-we-do/our-minds-matter-school-clubs/ https://bringchange2mind.org/get-involved/high-school-program/#start National Alliance on Mental Illness www.psychologytoday.com

29. Post an inspirational message or story on social media and write #NYSPHSAA #breakthestigma

30. Thank you! Any questions?