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Robert Crooks

Environmental Assessment Category A and B Projects Compared. Robert Crooks. ADFD/WB Project Preparation and Appraisal Workshop Abu Dhabi, April 2010. Environmental Assessment. Look at examples of Category A & B projects Compare the scope of EA and the level of effort

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Robert Crooks

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  1. Environmental Assessment Category A and B Projects Compared Robert Crooks ADFD/WB Project Preparation and Appraisal Workshop Abu Dhabi, April 2010

  2. Environmental Assessment Look at examples of Category A & B projects Compare the scope of EA and the level of effort Use the Category A project to illustrate how the EA process can be used to have a positive development impact

  3. Yemen Public Works III Key Features from environmental point of view • Project Cost: $52 million (relatively small to begin with) – but expanded to $405 million with co-financing • Location: Project spread over a wide area: in all 20 Governates of the country • Main Components: The project will invest in basic infrastructure services in sectors such as health, education, water supply, waste water, roads, water harvesting/irrigation and vocational training. • Scale of individual investments is very small: an estimated 800 sub-projects with an average investment cost of $90,000 and a range of $20,000 to $200,000  

  4. Yemen Public Works III Is this a Category A Project? • Large scale aquaculture and mariculture (aquaculture in the sea) • Dams and reservoirs • Forestry production projects • Hazardous waste management and disposal • Industrial plants (large-scale) and industrial estates • Irrigation, drainage, and flood control (large-scale) • Land clearance and leveling • Manufacture, transportation, and use of pesticides or other hazardous and/or toxic materials • Mineral development (including oil and gas) • New construction or major upgrading of highways or rural roads • Port and harbor development • Reclamation and new land development • Resettlement • River basin development, thermal power and hydropower development or expansion • Water supply and wastewater collection, treatment and disposal projects (large-scale) No in all cases

  5. Yemen Public Works III Is this a Category B Project?: Yes but at the lower end • Agro-industries (small-scale) • Electrical transmission • Energy efficiency and energy conservation • Irrigation and drainage (small-scale) • Protected areas and biodiversity conservation • Rehabilitation or maintenance of highways or rural roads • Rehabilitation or modification of existing industrial facilities (small-scale) • Renewable energy (other than hydroelectric dams) • Rural electrification • Rural water supply and sanitation • Tourism • Watershed projects (management or rehabilitation)

  6. Yemen Public Works III: EA Approach Evaluate range of projects being proposed (there was already a long list of 4,000 project proposals on the table at the time of project preparation) Identify range of potential environmental impacts Broadly classify sub-projects in terms of environmental impact potential Develop environmental pre-screening procedures to environmentally screen new investment proposals coming into the pipelines Develop environmental management procedures to be implemented on selected types of investments to mitigate adverse environmental impacts (typical mitigation measures include the provision of adequate hazardous materials disposal facilities, adequate crosswalks for children, and the early identification of any potential vector breeding sites—all very simple and of a type that could easily be incorporated into Standard Operating Procedures in standard contract documents). Develop environmental monitoring procedures Define the administrative mechanism to be followed in implementing the management scheme

  7. Yemen Public Works III: Key Elements of Approach The approach was simple and easy to implement The level of effort was consistent with the significance of environmental issues to be encountered (very small scale, localized and short term)

  8. China: Yangtze Basin Water Resources Development Project (1995) A BIG Category A Project

  9. China: Yangtze Basin WRDP Key Project Features • Project Cost: $652 million (WB loan/Credit was $174 million) • Six main sub-projects: Part A – HUBEI Province • rehabilitation of 270,000 ha of irrigation/drainage works in two schemes – $81.3 million; • improvement of drainage covering about 60,000 ha—$43 million; • miscellaneous aquaculture, forestry, grassland/livestock and soil improvement activities—$50.0 million. Part B – HUNAN Province • construction of 50,000 ha new irrigation—$80.3 million • construction of new multipurpose Dam including resettlement of 16,500 people—$385 million Part C - Yangtze Flood Forecasting and Warning System • Flood forecasting and warning system for the Central Yangtze River region—US$12.7 million.

  10. - 11 -

  11. Is Yangtze Basin WRDP a Category A Project? Large scale aquaculture Dams and reservoirs Forestry production projects Hazardous waste management and disposal Industrial plants (large-scale) and industrial estates Irrigation, drainage, and flood control (large-scale) Land clearance and leveling Manufacture, transportation, and use of pesticides or other hazardous and/or toxic materials Mineral development (including oil and gas) New construction or major upgrading of highways or rural roads Port and harbor development Reclamation and new land development Resettlement River basin development, thermal power and hydropower development or expansion Water supply and wastewater collection, treatment and disposal projects (large-scale)

  12. Yangtze Basin WRDP: Approach To Environmental Assessment

  13. The Jiangya Dam Sub-Project: Key Features of the Development

  14. Layout of Jiangya DAM

  15. Dam Under Construction - 16 -

  16. Power Station Intake Construction - 17 -

  17. Key Features of Jiangya EMMP • New standard of EIA for projects in China • Project set new standards of housing for construction workers • Exceptional measures taken to reduce impacts on nearby township (road diversion, water pollution control) • Promotion of total catchment management approach leads to establishment of Lishui Hydropower Corporation to operate the dam and manage the catchment

  18. Main Determinants of Success for Jingya EMMP • Competent, locally-based environmental consultant was credible with counterpart (Hunan Provincial Water Resources Bureau) • Counterpart was interested in new concepts of dam design and management and was open to ideas being pushed by WB team • Federal government (MWR) was also pushing water sector innovation which further encouraged counterpart • Effective administrative approach to environmental management • Adequate staffing (numbers & expertise) and budget for environmental management unit • Exceptional efforts made to communicate with local stakeholders to minimize conflicts

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