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The Beginner’s Guide to the Universe

http://ghc.ctc.edu/catalog/images/astronomy.jpg. The Beginner’s Guide to the Universe. BY Nicholas DiPreta. http://www.aero.iitb.ac.in/home/zephyr/images/workshops/astronomy%20picture%20of%20the%20day-2004.03.05.jpg. <http://www.sbig.com/dss7/dss7_25s.jpg>.

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The Beginner’s Guide to the Universe

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  1. http://ghc.ctc.edu/catalog/images/astronomy.jpg The Beginner’s Guide to the Universe BY Nicholas DiPreta • http://www.aero.iitb.ac.in/home/zephyr/images/workshops/astronomy%20picture%20of%20the%20day-2004.03.05.jpg <http://www.sbig.com/dss7/dss7_25s.jpg>. <http://helios.augustana.edu/astronomy/mel-peterson/horse-1520.jpg>.

  2. Goals • To measure properties of star clusters using CCD imaging and Spectroscopy using the DSS-7 spectroscope • To learn more about analytical techniques such as photometry and spectroscopy <http://www.sbig.com/dss7/dss7_25s.jpg>. http://www.dpreview.com/news/9910/99102101superccd.asp>.

  3. The Solar System • Average Sun- provides energy (Hamilton,1995) • Eight Planets • Revolve around the Sun • Other satellites such as comets and meteors <http://www.kiroastro.com/images/perspective/earth2.jpg>. http://www.mapsharing.org/MS-maps/map-pages-space-map/images-solar-system/6-solar-system-map.jpg>.

  4. http://ipac.jpl.nasa.gov/media_images/sig05-010.jpg>. Galaxies • Our solar system is part of the Milky Way Galaxy • Whole solar system orbits the center of the Milky Way • Galaxy is one in billions (Hamilton,2009)

  5. Open Clusters • Younger stars • Held together by gravity (Batinelli,1991) • All same age, composition • Tell us about early stellar evolution(Archinal, 2003) <http://outreach.atnf.csiro.au/education/senior/astrophysics/images/stellarevolution/pleiadesuks018c.jpg>.

  6. http://astro.uchicago.edu/~grodnick/gallery/iotw/m2.jpg> Globular Clusters • Inside all galaxies are Globular Clusters (Kulesa,2009). • Dense bunches of thousands of stars • All extremely old, same stage in formation same composition, no active star formation(Hester, 2006). • Teach us about later stellar evolution (Taplur,1997)

  7. <http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/sn2006gy/sn2006gy_newline.jpg>. Stellar Evolution

  8. HR Diagram • Graphical interface between observation and stellar evolution. (Thompson, 1997) • Based on observations, other facts can be derived. • <http://www.bramboroson.com/astro/images/hrdiagram.jpg>.

  9. Spectroscopy • Used to study the physical properties of a star such as surface temperature or color. (Kulesa, 2005). • Most large telescopes have spectroscopes. (Seeds, 2005) • Now being used at amateur level. • http://loke.as.arizona.edu/~ckulesa/camp/spectroscopy_intro.html>. <http://www.sbig.com/dss7/dss7_25s.jpg>.

  10. Photometry • Measurement of Luminosity of an object. (Martinez,1997 • Generally measured on a CCD imager. • Long exposure time to get fuller image. (Martinez,1997) http://teleskop-service.se/produkter/eng/atikpics/start/mit-rgb-2.jpg>. http://teleskop-service.se/produkter/eng/atikpics/start/mit-rgb-2.jpg>.

  11. http://www.mpifr-bonn.mpg.de/div/vlbi/ckp08/images/AGN/agn04.jpg>. Active Galactic Nuclei • Super massive black holes • Center of Galaxy • Emit Enormous amounts of energy

  12. Literature Review Gilliand (1991) used CCD imaging techniques to create light curves for starts in M67; an open cluster.

  13. Literature Review Van den Bherg did photometry and spectroscopy of globular clusters.

  14. Literature Review CowieET AL, performed spectroscopy of various cluster stars.

  15. Literature Review Montgomery ET AL did b-v photometry of open clusters.

  16. Bibliography • " Australia Telescope Outreach and Education., “Pleiades“, 15 May 2009 <http://outreach.atnf.csiro.au/education/senior/astrophysics/images/stellarevolution/pleiadesuks018c.jpg>. • Archinal, Brent A. Star clusters. Richmond, VA: Willmann-Bell, 2003. Pgs 3-6 • A Shot in the Dark: Astrophotography by Kirk M. Rogers. 15 May 2009 <http://www.kiroastro.com/images/perspective/earth2.jpg>. • Back off Man, I'm a Scientist: Personal Life of., "HR Diagram." 15 May 2009 <http://www.bramboroson.com/astro/images/hrdiagram.jpg>. • Battinelli P., Capuzzo-Dolcetta R. (1991), Formation and evolutionary properties of the Galactic open cluster system, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, v. 249, p. 76–83 • BIG Santa Barbara Instrument Group, DSS 7 Picture , 14 May 2009 <http://www.sbig.com/dss7/dss7_25s.jpg>. • The Chandra X-ray Observatory Center . "Stellar Evolution." . Gateway to the Universe of X-ray Astronomy! 15 May 2009 <http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/sn2006gy/sn2006gy_newline.jpg>. • Cowie, Lennox L., and ET AL. "New Insight on Galaxy Formation and Evolution From Keck Spectroscopy of the Hawaii Deep Fields." Astronomical Journal V.112 (1996): 839. ADS HARVARD. ABSTRACT SERVICE. • The Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, "Globular Clusters.“ 15 May 2009 http://astro.uchicago.edu/~grodnick/gallery/iotw/m2.jpg • Digital Camera Reviews and News: Digital Photography Review: Forums, Glossary, "More on the Fuji "Super CCD": Digital Photography Review." 15 May 2009 http://www.dpreview.com/news/9910/99102101superccd.asp • Gilliand, Ronald L., and ET AL. "Time-resolved CCD photometry of an ensemble of stars in the open cluster M67." Astronomical Journal (1991): 541-61. • Hamilton, Calvin J. "The Solar System." Views of the Solar System. May 1995. 08 May 2009 <http://www.solarviews.com/eng/solarsys.htm>. • Helios Home Page., Helios Nebula, 15 May 2009 <http://helios.augustana.edu/astronomy/mel-peterson/horse-1520.jpg>. • Hester, Jeff, David Burstein, George Blumenthal, Ronald Greeley, Bradford Smith, Howard Voss, and Gary Wegner. 21st Century Astronomy, Second Edition. New York: W. W. Norton, 2006. • Ipac, Spitzer , Milky Way photograph,. "Milky Way Galaxy." IPAC. 15 May 2009 <http://ipac.jpl.nasa.gov/media_images/sig05-010.jpg>. • Kent, Montegomery A. "CCD photometry of the old open cluster M67." Astronomical Journal (1993): 181-219. 4 May 2009 http://http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993AJ....106..181M. • Kulesa, Craig. "What is Spectroscopy?" 15 May 2009 <http://loke.as.arizona.edu/~ckulesa/camp/spectroscopy_intro.html>. • Made-in-China.com China manufacturer directory, China products, China suppliers, China trade, China factory, “CCD IMAGER." . 15 May 2009 • MAP SHARING - Share your map - All maps of the world., Map of the Solar System, 15 May 2009 <http://www.mapsharing.org/MS-maps/map-pages-space-map/images-solar-system/6-solar-system-map.jpg>. • Martinez, P., and Klotz, A., 1997, A Practical Guide to CCD Astronomy, Cambridge University Press. • Max-Planck-InstitutfürRadioastronomie, Bonn - Max-Planck-InstitutfürRadioastronomie, "AGN." 15 May 2009 http://www.mpifr-bonn.mpg.de/div/vlbi/ckp08/images/AGN/agn04.jpg • Seeds, Michael A. Foundations of astronomy. Belmont, CA: Thomson Brooks/Cole, 2005. • Taplur, Jon. "A Guide to GLOBULAR CLUSTERS." Keele University Astrophysics Group. July 1997. Keele University. 08 May 2009 • Teleskop-Service Din guide till universum - 0301-429 72, "Filters." 15 May 2009 <http://teleskop-service.se/produkter/eng/atikpics/start/mit-rgb-2.jpg>. • Van den bherg, Sydney. "Photometric and Spectroscopic Observations of Globular Clusters in the Andromeda Nebula." Astrophysical Journal Supplement 19 (1969): 145 • Welcome to Grays Harbor College, Milky Way, 15 May 2009 <http://ghc.ctc.edu/catalog/images/astronomy.jpg> • , Zephyr, Cats Eye Nebula , May 13 2009, http://www.aero.iitb.ac.in/home/zephyr/images/workshops/astronomy%20picture%20of%20the%20day-2004.03.05.jpg

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