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6-2.3

6-2.3. Describe the development of Roman civilization, including language, government, architecture, and engineering . HUMAN INGENUITY. Why do we create? What are the consequences?. What type of Government did the Romans create ?. Republic. 509 BC to 27 BC.

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6-2.3

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  1. 6-2.3 Describe the development of Roman civilization, including language, government, architecture, and engineering.

  2. HUMAN INGENUITY Why do we create? What are the consequences?

  3. What type of Government did the Romans create?

  4. Republic 509 BC to 27 BC

  5. What are the Classes of Ancient Rome? • PATRICIANS- wealthy landowners and members of the ruling class. • PLEBEIANS- members of the common class

  6. How Did the Roman Republic Work? • Republic- government where citizens elect people who make laws for them. • Consuls-Two men who made the laws for Rome. They had to be patricians. • Veto-(NO! stop)Each consul could say no to any idea that the other consul suggested. If this happened, the idea did not become a law.

  7. More on Roman Republic • Senate - 300 men who suggested laws to the consul. Only patricians could be in the Senate. • The Plebeians demanded more say so. Eventually they gained the power to pass laws for all Roman citizens.

  8. What Were Dictators? • Dictators were given total control over the government in times of emergency. • Cincinnatus was the most famous Roman dictator. He took over in time to stop people from invading Rome. After the crisis was over, he gave his power back to the government.

  9. Why Were the 12 Tables Important? • Twelve Tables- Roman laws. • It established the idea that all citizens are equal under the law.

  10. How Is the Roman Government Like the United States Government? • Rome and the U.S.A. are both republics. • Checks & Balances: The President of the USA can veto laws that he does not agree with. • The Constitution of the United States says that all citizens are equal under the law.

  11. WRITING • Write 2-3 sentences about the following: • How was the Roman government different from the Greek government?

  12. What are the contributions of Roman culture?

  13. 1. Paved Roads Made it easier to travel increased the amount of trade Allowed soldiers to travel to battles and protect the border.

  14. The Via Appia – Rome’s Highway

  15. Map of Ancient Roman Roads

  16. 2. Concrete This allowed them to build permanent structures quickly. They could even build under water when constructing bridges.

  17. Roman bridge in Caceres, Spain

  18. 3. Aqueducts An aqueduct is a human-made channel constructed to carry water. The Romans could get fresh clean mountain spring water directly to the cities.

  19. Roman Aqueduct Pont-du-Gard, France

  20. 4. The Forum The Roman Forum served as a marketplace in downtown. This also served as a meeting place for the Senate.

  21. The Forum – Rome (Animated)

  22. 5. The Colosseum The Colosseum served as an entertainment arena. Here, gladiators fought each other, prisoners were executed, and man vs. animal battles took place.

  23. Colosseum in Rome, Italy

  24. 6. Arches Arches were constructed to save building material when constructing tall buildings or aqueducts. The last stone inserted in the center was called the keystone.

  25. Roman Arches in Palmyra, Syria

  26. 7. Vaulted Ceiling A vault is a long hallway in the shape of an arch. It is built to create more interior space and save building materials.

  27. Roman vaulted ceiling

  28. 8. Pantheon The Pantheon was a building for all gods. Constructed similar to the Parthenon in Athens but with a large dome on the backside.

  29. The Pantheon in Rome, Italy

  30. Painting of Interior of Pantheon

  31. 9. Roman Currency The Romans created a common currency used throughout the Empire. This allowed traders and merchants from all over the Empire to set up common prices.

  32. Roman Coin

  33. Roman Coins – 12 Caesars

  34. WRITING • Using the Schaffer writing model, answer the following: • Which of the Roman inventions do you think was the most important? • Explain your answer using at least two concrete details.

  35. What language did the Romans use to communicate?

  36. Latin Latin is the basis of Italian, Spanish, French, Portuguese, and Romanian. English is also influenced by Latin.

  37. Is Latin still used in today’s world?

  38. YES Latin is used in the fields of medicine and law. Every species of plant and animal is given a Latin name.

  39. Why the AOI? • Why do you think I chose to teach this lesson using the following AOI: • Human Ingenuity

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