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Biological Therapies (Outline)

Biological Therapies (Outline). Biological Therapies Target physical processes e.g. Neurotransmitters Hormones and parts of the brain. There are 2 Types of treatments. They are Chemotherapy (drugs) and Electro conclusive Therapy (ECT). Chemotherapy (Drugs).

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Biological Therapies (Outline)

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  1. Biological Therapies (Outline)

  2. Biological Therapies Target physical processes e.g. Neurotransmitters Hormones and parts of the brain. • There are 2 Types of treatments. They are Chemotherapy (drugs) and Electro conclusive Therapy (ECT)

  3. Chemotherapy (Drugs) • There are 3 main types of drugs used in Chemotherapy:- • Antipsychotic Drugs • Antidepressants Drugs • Anti-anxiety Drugs • The drugs used in modify the working of the brain and effect the mood and behaviour as they base on the assumption that there is a chemical imbalance.

  4. -Antipsychotic Drugs • What are they? • They are major tranquillisers such as chlorpromazine and clozapine. • How do the work? • They sedate and alleviate symptoms (such as hallucinations and delusions). They block the actions of neurotransmitter (dopmine). • When would they be used? • This treatment is used to treat those with schizophrenia and manic depression

  5. -Antidepressant Drugs • What are they? • SSRI’s (selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors). • How do they work? • Anti-depressants improve mood by increasing the availability of neurotransmitters such as serotonin. For example, MAOIs block the action of the enzyme that breaks down serotonin, so increasing its availability in the nervous system. • When would we use them? • They are used on those with depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder.

  6. -Anti-Anxiety Drugs • What are they? • Minor tranquillizers called benzodiazepines (BZs) e.g. Librium or Valium • How do they work? • BZs have a calming effect by inhibiting the nervous system and causing muscles to relax. They work by enhancing the action of the neurotransmitter, GABA, which acts to calm brain activity. • When would you use them? • They are used to treat general anxiety disorders and stress.

  7. Electro conclusive Therapy(ECT) • ECT is used in severely depressed patients for whom psychotherapy and medication didn’t work. • It give much quicker than antidepressants. • This method is only used when all other treatments have failed and where the case is life threatening.

  8. ECT • What is it? • ECT involves passing a small electrical current through the brain which causes a seizure. The patient is given a muscle relaxant to prevent full body convulsions. • How does it work? • It is still not fully known how or why ECT works but it is thought that the convulsion causes chemical changes in the brain in a way that improves the person’s mood.

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