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Chapter 9 Section IV

Chapter 9 Section IV. Expansion and War in the United States. Growth of the United States. 1803 United States completed the Louisiana Purchase with France Purchase of land between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains Young Nation Britain still causing conflict

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Chapter 9 Section IV

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  1. Chapter 9 Section IV Expansion and War in the United States

  2. Growth of the United States • 1803 United States completed the Louisiana Purchase with France • Purchase of land between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains Young Nation • Britain still causing conflict • Seized American ships to use in war against Napoleon • Helped Native Americans fight settlement in the Northwest • Resulted in the War of 1812

  3. Growth of the United States • President James Monroe • Monroe Doctrine: Forbid further colonization in the Americas and declared that any attempt by a foreign country to colonize would be considered an act of hostility by the United States Texas and Mexico • 1820 American Moses Austin received permission from Spain to found small settlements in Texas

  4. Growth of the United States • Mexico gained independence from Spain and imposed strict laws on citizens in Texas • Texas fought and gained independence from Mexico. Founded the Republic of Texas • Texas admitted to the United States in 1845 • Caused the Mexican-American War 1846-1848 • United States won war and gained large portion of land that makes up southwestern portion of country

  5. Growth of the United States The Move West • By 1850 United States claimed land all the way to Pacific Ocean • Louisiana Purchase Texas • Florida Mexican Cession • Oregon Territory • Manifest Destiny: rapid expansion led American to believe they had a God-given rightto settle land all the way to Pacific Ocean

  6. Growth of the United States • Reasons to move west • 1848 Gold Rush-> Also led to immigration • National laws promised 160 acres of free land Effects on Native Americans • Conflict with natives; conclusion push them further west • 1830 Indian Removal act called for the relocation of five Indian nations to Indian Territories

  7. Growth of the United States • United States army forced Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Seminole, and Creek Nation to relocate • March was so deadly became known as the Trail of Tears • Estimated ¼ of Cherokees died along march • Eventually natives were pushed further west into reservations

  8. The Civil War • Issue is slavery • Some believed in Abolition -> end slavery The Road to War • New states joining the Union had to deicide if a free or slave state • Problem creates an imbalance in congress • Compromise: Kansas-Nebraska Act created two new territories in the west • Let the residents of each state decide for themselves • Caused many debates and issues • Abraham Lincoln elected president • South Carolina seceded from Union • Known as secession

  9. The Civil War • States the seceded became known as the Confederate States of America • Elected Jefferson Davis as President • Drafted a new constitution War Begins • Lincoln felt the Constitution did not give the right to states to secede • Gave orders to Fort Sumner in South Carolina • First shots of Civil War fired

  10. The Civil War The Emancipation Proclamation • January 1863 Lincoln declared all slaves free in SOME areas of the confederate states • Confederate states under the control of the Union did not free slaves • Benefited the North • Southern economy hurt • Renew purpose for soldiers to fight • European powers withdrew support for Confederacy

  11. The Civil War The Union Prevails • 1863 Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania Union soldiers defeated Confederate troops • Momentum shifted to the Union • More Union victories followed and Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Union General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Virginia in 1865

  12. The Civil War Effects of the Civil War • South destroyed • Bridges, roads, railroads, homes, business • Era became known as Reconstruction Era • Rebuilding the south • Still many disagreements • Radical Republicans wanted severe punishments for South

  13. The Civil War • The Civil Rights Act protected some rights of formerly enslaved people • 14th Amendment granted citizenship to all freed African Americans and “equal benefit of all laws proceeding for the security of persons, as is enjoyed by white citizens.” • 15th Amendment • Voting rights could not be denied based on race

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