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Protocol Stack

Protocol Stack. Follow the TCP/IP Stack, i.e., keep the Strict Layer Approach ??? Or Interleave the Layer functionalities??? Cross Layer Optimization Cross Protocol Optimization Standardization???. APPLICATON LAYER NEEDS. Sensor Network Management Protocol

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Protocol Stack

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  1. Protocol Stack • Follow the TCP/IP Stack, i.e., keep the Strict Layer Approach ??? • Or Interleave the Layer functionalities??? • Cross Layer Optimization • Cross Protocol Optimization • Standardization??? NeXtworking'03 - Chania, Crete, Greece, The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING AKYILDIZ

  2. APPLICATON LAYER NEEDS Sensor Network Management Protocol Task Assignment and Data Advertisement Protocol Sensor Query and Data Dissemination Protocol Sophisticated GUI (Graphical User Interface) Tool NeXtworking'03 - Chania, Crete, Greece, The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING AKYILDIZ

  3. TRANSPORT LAYER NEEDS • What is RELIABILITY? (New Perspectives) • Explore new Reliability Metrics • Total expected mean square distortion • Minimum mean squared error estimation • Develop unified transport layer protocols for sink-to-sensors and bi-directional reliable transport schemes NeXtworking'03 - Chania, Crete, Greece, The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING AKYILDIZ

  4. NETWORK LAYER NEEDSDesired Features for Routing Algorithms Periodic update of routes not needed Adaptive to failures Cope with topology changes No need for routing tables Easy incorporation of new sensor nodes Routes based on QoS requirements One-to-one, many-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many communications NeXtworking'03 - Chania, Crete, Greece, The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING AKYILDIZ

  5. NETWORK LAYER NEEDS • New Addressing Mechanisms • Store and Forward Technique that combines data fusion and aggregation. • Routing for Mobile Sensors Investigate multi-hop routing techniques for high mobility environments. • Priority Routing Design routing techniques that allow different priority of data to be aggregated, fused, and relayed. • 3D Routing NeXtworking'03 - Chania, Crete, Greece, The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING AKYILDIZ

  6. MEDIUM ACCESS CONTROL (MAC) NEEDS MAC for sensor networks must have inbuilt power management, mobility management and failure recovery strategies Need for a self-configurable, distributed protocols Data centric approach rather than per-node fairness The sensor network performance can be further increased by combining collaborative medium access with parallel routing and source coding approach Develop MACs which differentiate Multimedia Traffic Exploit Spatial Correlation NeXtworking'03 - Chania, Crete, Greece, The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING AKYILDIZ

  7. ERROR CONTROL NEEDS • Design of suitable FEC codes with minimal encoding and relatively higher decoding complexities • Feasibility of ARQ schemes in multihop sensor networks (hop by hop ARQ instead of end-to-end). This is needed for reliable communications (data critical) • Adaptive/Hybrid FEC/ARQ schemes • Extension to Rayleigh/Rician fading conditions with mobile nodes NeXtworking'03 - Chania, Crete, Greece, The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING AKYILDIZ

  8. PHYSICAL LAYER • New Channel Models (I/O/Underwater/Deep Space) • Explore Antennae Techniques (e.g., Smart Antennaes) • Software Radios?? • New Modulation Schemes • SYNCH Schemes • FEC Schemes on the Bit Level • New Data Encryption • Investigate UWB NeXtworking'03 - Chania, Crete, Greece, The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING AKYILDIZ

  9. LOCALIZATIONNEEDS Explore Non Fixed Base-Station based Techniques: Enable location of sensor nodes without the need for location beacons NeXtworking'03 - Chania, Crete, Greece, The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING AKYILDIZ

  10. SYNCHRONIZATIONNEEDS • Develop New Synchronization Protocols which * Maintain the time throughout the network within a certain tolerance. * Control the network time tolerance with system parameters. * Enable a sink to detect time difference of events. * Allow a sink to issue a start time to sensor nodes that are in different part of the sensor field. NeXtworking'03 - Chania, Crete, Greece, The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING AKYILDIZ

  11. SYNCHRONIZATIONNEEDS • Self Organizing Hierarchy: Enable nodes that have stable clocks to become master nodes or time servers throughout the lifetime of the network. The clocks fluctuate, so master nodes may become slave nodes causing hierarchy modification all the time. • Nano-Second Precision with Micro-Second Budget: Enable events to be time-stamped in nano-second variations with microsecond budget devices. • Fully Distributed vs. Centralized: Investigate the cost of fully distributed and centralized timing techniques providing theoretical guidelines for different types of sensor network deployment. NeXtworking'03 - Chania, Crete, Greece, The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING AKYILDIZ

  12. DEMOSApplications • Clear Demonstration of Testbeds and Realistic Applications • Not only data or audio but also video as well as integrated traffic. NeXtworking'03 - Chania, Crete, Greece, The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING AKYILDIZ

  13. Basic Research Needs • An Analytical Framework for Sensor Networks  Find a Basic Generic Architecture and Protocol Development which can be tailored to specific applications. • More theoretical investigations of the Architecture and Protocol developments • Network Configuration and Planning Schemes NeXtworking'03 - Chania, Crete, Greece, The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING AKYILDIZ

  14. FURTHER ISSUES • Research to integrate WSN domain into NGWI (Next Generation Wireless Internet) e.g., interactions of Sensor and AdHoc Networks or Sensor and Satellite or any other combinations… • Explore the SENSOR/ACTOR NETWORKS • Explore the SENSOR-ANTISENSOR NETWORKS • SECURITY ISSUES NeXtworking'03 - Chania, Crete, Greece, The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING AKYILDIZ

  15. ANSWER TO QUESTIONS • Simply Another Form of CDNs? NO!!!! • Are they too futuristic? NO!!!! • Why would we need for less than a “REALITY” WEB? ???????? • Do we need help from Database/Vision.. Communities? YES ;-) NeXtworking'03 - Chania, Crete, Greece, The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING AKYILDIZ

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