Examples of Possible Setting Level Influences Policy influences Design of procedures

2. Examples of Possible Setting Level Influences • Policy influences • Design of procedures • Implementation fidelity of procedures • Environment and space issues • Orchestration of student movement • Clarity of expectations • Climate and relationships • Ambiguous code of conduct definitions • What specifically are students doing? • Operationally define the target behavior: • What specifically do students say and do that is problem • Immediate Consequence: How do staff respond? • What specifically do staff do and say immediately in response to behavior? • Consequences: • School Response • What action does the office take following the incident?

3. Frequent Location Example: Bus

4. Setting considerations • Inconsistent implementation of the intervention (e.g., ticket distribution) • Longer bus routes with more stops tend to have higher referrals • Busses with fewer infractions have drivers that tend to know students’ names, are friendly, make small talk, etc. • Bus drivers are left out of the ‘loop’ (they don’t receive updates, data, are not included in school activities) • What specifically are students doing? • Bus Disruption is the most common infraction and looks like: • Yelling • Out of seat and moving around • Yelling out the window • In each other’s ‘space’ • Throwing items • Don’t follow the driver’s instruction to sit down • Immediate Consequence: How do bus drivers respond? • Varies across drivers: • Ignore some behaviors • Yell at students • Redirect students • Pull the bus over and wait • Write up an infraction • Consequences: • School Response • School calls parent • Detention • Suspension from bus

5. Plan for Interventions

6. Intervention Examples to Strengthen the Use of Proactive Strategies • Re-design policy or procedures • Parent outreach and information sharing (e.g., home matrix, suggestions for talking about expectations) • PD on active supervision and effective redirection strategies • Revise the routine • Pre-corrections & reminders to students • Intervention Examples to Strengthen Expectations & Instruction • Update the specific expectations for the settings • Introduce new visuals (posters, displays, etc.) • Design specific instruction / booster lessons • Take advantage of natural opportunities to provide reminders or talk about expectations • Intervention Examples to Strengthen Redirection Practices • Develop a redirection protocol that outlines a series of ‘best practices’ for responding to initial occurrences • Intervention Examples to Increase Praise Use • Increase consistency of ticket distribution • Develop a staff recognition component • PD on delivering social praise • Develop a targeted recognition event (e.g., March Madness, Golden Ticket)

7. Intervention to Strengthen Bus Drivers Use of Proactive Strategies • Intervention Examples to Strengthen Expectations & Instruction • Intervention Examples to Strengthen Redirection Practices • Intervention Examples to Increase Praise Use