160 likes | 305 Views
Bilateral Governmental Cooperation to Promote the Technology Transfer Under UNFCCC Framework : From Market Potential to the Market Formation. KEMCO (Korea Energy Management Corporation) Dr. Suk-Hoon Woo January 2000, Cebu, Philippine. Contents. Introduction
E N D
Bilateral Governmental Cooperation to Promote the Technology Transfer Under UNFCCC Framework : From Market Potential to the Market Formation KEMCO (Korea Energy Management Corporation) Dr. Suk-Hoon Woo January 2000, Cebu, Philippine
Contents • Introduction • Bilateral Governmental Cooperation Program • The Experience of Korea : TCAPP-Korea • Mechanism Analysis for the Technology Transfer under UNFCCC
1. Introduction • Technology transfer : a kind of “learning process” • i.e. the mutual efforts are needed both in provider country and receptor country • Qt : What is the basic motivation of technology transfer, that is firmly supported in the real world (including business world)? • economic motivation
The concept of market potential • The formation of new market provides a good motivation to the implicated actors • When the market potential do not exists in the local market (even if not yet established properly), any technology provided cannot be settled successfully • The best technology is not fittest technology (path dependency and network effect)
Key Issues • Find the fields where the market potential exists • Design the TT process with additional institutional efforts • The formation of new market will helps the technology to be adapted in the local market and contribute to the sustainable development.
Key Issues - continue • This new market can give a additional economic opportunity or the expansion of global market to the technology provider, while the EST(Environmentally Sound Technology) market is still limited and restricted in size.
2. Bilateral Governmental Cooperation • Why Governmental Cooperation? • Why Bilateral Cooperation?
Why Governmental Cooperation? • helps to overcome the institutional barriers, common in developing and least developed countries • helps to coordinate the divers economic actors implicated • Local producer and consumers • International technology providers • Financial supporters and donor-investors
helps to identify the potential markets through local market study with the experts of developing countries • Capacity building with government level cooperation
Why Bilateral Cooperation? • Gives more solid responsibility in the technology transfer process than multilateral framework (cf. link to the CDM) • helps to identify the specific needs and characteristics of local market, as well as the technology that will be transferred.
3. The Experience of Korea • TCAPP-Korea : Multiple programs of bilateral framework in technological cooperation initiated by US government • WG1 : ESCO(Energy Service Company) • WG2 : Methane reuse including LFG • WG3 : Heat recovery through heat pump
Lessons learned from Korean cases • Market potential helps to promote the implication of local and institutional actors ex) ESCO in Hyundai-Motors (Ulsal) • The condition of local market is key factor in technology transfer process • Flexibility of program is more important the the concrete design, because each market has its own economic and technological mechanism.
4. Mechanism Analysis • Official Listing-up of Bilateral Governmental Technology Transfer Programs • Link to the CDM • Additional Suggestion
Official Listing-up by UNFCCC • Information support • Local market, various actors can participate when designing their own projects, as technology transfer reduces the R&D cost, very high in the initial phase • Promotion of new programs, into newer fields
Link to the CDM • Bilateral governmental cooperation has a same structure with the CDM • Provider of technology • Receiver of technology • Identification of GHG reduction effects • Additional rule or understanding is needed in order to promote the TT (directs and indirect effects) • New interpretation of technological additionality?
Additional suggestion • Hard technology • Soft technology • O&M (Operation and Management) • Project design • And other know-how and tacit knowledge (uncodified knowledge) • The role of soft technology should be interpreted in more active manner.