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The Scientific Method or Process

The Scientific Method or Process. Steps to a Logical Process. Hypothesis: Educated guess Predict Outcome If I do…. then I expect…… supported or not supported. Theory: Established idea Factual Based on Experiments and Much Data. 1. Hypothesis versus Theory. Control :

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The Scientific Method or Process

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  1. The Scientific Method or Process Steps to a Logical Process

  2. Hypothesis: Educated guess Predict Outcome If I do….then I expect…… supported or not supported Theory: Established idea Factual Based on Experiments and Much Data 1. Hypothesis versus Theory

  3. Control: Used for comparison “Normal” condition without any change Experimental onevariable that is changed one condition different from control Control versus Experimental Groups

  4. Independent Variable: One condition that is changed from the control group Example: control: normal plant growth conditions independent variable:growth with fertilizer Dependent Variable: the condition measured as a result of adding the independent variable Example: Measure growth in height as a result of fertilizer Experimental Variables:

  5. Data: Factual Measurable Can Replicate Opinion: Personal Inferences versus observations? Data versus Opinion…...

  6. Replicates of Experiment • Replication is necessary for comparing results & verifying test conditions • Minimum of 10 replications

  7. Scientific Data Must Be….. • Measurable • Quantitative Data • NOT opinion or judgment

  8. Steps of the Scientific Method or Process

  9. Identify the problem and write it as a question • What • How • Not “Why”

  10. Background research…... • Libraries • Internet • Experiments • Researchers • Interviews

  11. State your Hypothesis • Educated guess which predicts an outcome • IF I do………THEN I expect………….

  12. Design an Experiment 1. Control 2. Experimental Group 3. Change one variable 4. Replicate the experiment

  13. Collect Data • Measurable or Quantitative Data

  14. Analyze Data • You should see consistency in the replications • How does it compare to the control? • What trends do you see in the Graph?

  15. CONCLUSION: • Summarize your findings • Was the hypothesis supported? • How could this experiment be improved? • How could you expand this experiment even further?

  16. When Completed Communicate Results • Lab Report • Science Fair • Publish in journal • Present at Conference

  17. Characteristics of Living Things: • Structure & organization: cells, DNA, tissues & organs • Reproduction • Growth & development • Respond to their environment • Metabolism: sum of all chemical reactions • Maintain homeostasis by using energy • Adapt and evolve

  18. The End

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