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Lecture 1: OCN400 Chemical Oceanography Prof: Jim Murray TAs: Tessa McGee

Lecture 1: OCN400 Chemical Oceanography Prof: Jim Murray TAs: Tessa McGee Susanna Michael Introduce Murray 2. Who are the Students? 3. Syllabus / Text (Emerson and Hedges) 4. Course web site: http: // www.ocean.washington.edu /courses /geol330/ 5 . Themes for course

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Lecture 1: OCN400 Chemical Oceanography Prof: Jim Murray TAs: Tessa McGee

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  1. Lecture 1: OCN400Chemical Oceanography • Prof: Jim Murray • TAs: Tessa McGee • Susanna Michael • Introduce Murray • 2. Who are the Students? • 3. Syllabus / Text (Emerson and Hedges) • 4. Course web site: http://www.ocean.washington.edu/courses/geol330/ • 5. Themes for course • 6. What do we want students to be able to do? • 7. How will we know what they can do? • Problem Sets (7), Paper Discussions (5), Mid-Term (1) • 8. Course Activities / Materials • 9. Greatest Challenges for Students

  2. Four Main Themes • Global Carbon Cycle • Are humans changing the • chemistry of the ocean? • 3.What are chemical controls and tracers • for biological production? • 4. What is the fate of organic matter • made by biological production?

  3. Quantitative Tools to Master Equilibrium Calculations (carbonate system, speciation, solubility, oxidation-reduction reactions) Stable and Radioactive Isotopes (mass balance equations, decay equations, secular equilibrium) 3. Simple Box Model approaches and fluxes (e.g., gas exchange, primary new and export production, sedimentation) 4. What controls the global systems of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and oxygen. 5. Reading and Discussion of the literature

  4. Global Carbon Cycle

  5. Global Carbon Cycle Sabine et al. (2004) SCOPE Reservoirs and Fluxes

  6. Mauna Loa CO2 record – Started by David Keeling (SIO) Latest CO2 Reading 399.00 ppm July, 2014 NOAA-ERL Data

  7. Source of anthropogenic CO2

  8. Vostok Record Law Dome Record Mauna Loa Record IPCC IS92a Scenario Projected (2100) CO2 Concentration (ppmv) Current (2001) (BP 1950) Source: C. D. Keeling and T. P. Whorf; Etheridge et.al.; Barnola et.al.;(PAGES / IGBP); IPCC

  9. Carbon Tracker Atmospheric CO2 from 800,000 years ago to the present http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bbgUE04Y-Xg

  10. Are Humans Changing the Composition of the Ocean? Yes, in may ways! Examples include: Ocean Acidification Lead and Mercury distributions Nitrate distributions Fukushima radionuclides

  11. Global Anthropogenic CO2 Inventory = 118±19 Pg C Because the ocean mixes slowly, half of the anthropogenic CO2 stored in the oceans is found in the upper 10% of the ocean. Sabine et al. Science (2004)

  12. Rate of Change in Inventory of anthropogenic CO2

  13. Chemistry, Biology and Circulation

  14. Nitrate concentrations High Nutrient-Low Chlorophyll regions:

  15. Fate of Organic Matter

  16. CO2 CO2 CO2 Preindustrial CO2: maximum strength bio pump: 160 ppm Preindustrial CO2: Physical pump alone: 400 ppm Oceanic Primary Production: Sept. 97 – Aug. 98 Biological Pump Physical (solubility) Pump Source: JGOFS / IGBP

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