Understanding Polyprotic Acids in Chemistry: A Comprehensive Guide

Jan 08, 2025

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Explore the complexities of polyprotic acids in chemistry, focusing on calculations and acid dissociation constants. Learn about example acid H3PO4 and its dissociation constants, as well as buffer calculations involving polyprotic acids. This informative guide is from Chapter 11 of Chem 253, Fall 2005.

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Understanding Polyprotic Acids in Chemistry: A Comprehensive Guide

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Polyprotic Acids

Polyprotic Acids. Homework. Pg 688 103- 137 odd Pg 736 1-73 odd. Polyprotic Acids. A polyprotic acid has more than one ionizable proton (H + ). e.g. H 2 SO 4 , H 2 CO 3 , H 3 AsO 4

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11. Nucleic Acids

11. Nucleic Acids . Nucleotides DNA – nucleotide polymers RNA (transcription) Protein Synthesis (the Genetic Code) Mutations GMOs. 11. Nucleic Acids . DNA is a polymer of 4 molecules referred to as dexoyribonucleotides …. Each dexoyribonucleotide contains …..

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Buffer Calculations for Polyprotic Acids

Buffer Calculations for Polyprotic Acids A polyprotic acid can form buffer solutions in presence of its conjugate base. For example, phosphoric acid can form a buffer when combined with its conjugate base (dihydrogen phosphate). H 3 PO 4 D H + + H 2 PO 4 - k a1 = 1.1 x 10 -2

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Polyprotic Acids & Bases

Polyprotic Acids & Bases. A polyprotic acid can donate more than one H + Carbonic acid: H 2 CO 3 (aq); dissolved CO 2 in water Sulfuric acid: H 2 SO 4 (aq) Phosphoric acid: H 3 PO 4 (aq) A polyprotic base: can accept more than one proton Carbonate ion: CO 3 2- (aq)

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Polyprotic acids

Polyprotic acids. Since pK a values are generally well-separated, only 1 or 2 species will be present at significant concentration. H 3 PO 4 + H 2 O = H 2 PO 4 - + H 3 O + pK a1 = 2.1 H 2 PO 4 - + H 2 O = HPO 4 2- + H 3 O + pK a1 = 7.4

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Polyprotic Acids & Acid Strength

Polyprotic Acids & Acid Strength. Polyprotic Acids. We have seen examples of acids that contain more than one hydrogen ion that can be lost. Sulfuric acid, H 2 SO 4 , for example, has two hydrogen ions that it can give up. The first hydrogen ion is released as:

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Polyprotic Acids

Polyprotic Acids. And Acid and Base Salts. Polyprotic Acids. So far, we have only dealt with acids that can give up one proton. Most acids encountered in biological systems have multiple protons, depending on the pH of the solution. We call these ‘polyprotic’ acids or bases.

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A. Polyprotic Acids Acids which can donate more than one H + . Each “donation” has its own Ka

A. Polyprotic Acids Acids which can donate more than one H + . Each “donation” has its own Ka H 2 SO 4  H + + HSO 4 - HSO 4 -  H + + SO 4 -2 Ka 2 is always much lower than Ka 1 . Much harder to pull a second H + off of an ion.

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Equilibria of Weak Acids & Bases Part VI: Polyprotic Acids & Titration Curves

Equilibria of Weak Acids & Bases Part VI: Polyprotic Acids & Titration Curves. Chap. 17 Sec 6. Dr. C. Yau Spring 2014. 1. Ionization of Polyprotic Acids. Carbonic acid is an example of a polyprotic acid (more specifically, a diprotic acid). What is the formula of carbonic acid?

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Chapter 11 Structure of Nucleic Acids

Chapter 11 Structure of Nucleic Acids. Outline. How do scientists determine the primary structure of nucleic acids? What sorts of secondary structures can double-stranded DNA molecules adopt? Can the secondary structure of DNA be denatured and renatured?

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11. Nucleic Acids / Genes

11. Nucleic Acids / Genes. Chapter 18. Nucleic Acids – the Master Molecules. Nucleotide:Phosphate + Sugar + Heterocycle;nucleoside: No phosphate. DNA - DeoxyriboNucleic Acid RNA - RiboNucleic Acid. A denosine. T hymidine. G uanidine. C ytidine. A Sequence of DNA.

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Chapter 10 Polyprotic Acid-Base Equilibria

Chapter 10 Polyprotic Acid-Base Equilibria. Contents in Chapter10. 1. Species/Concentrations Calculations of Polyprotic Acids 1) Species/Conc. Calculations of Diprotic Acids 2) pH Calculations of Triprotic Acids 3) pH Calculations of Amino Acids Polyprotic Buffers

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Polyprotic Acids

Polyprotic Acids. Acids that contains more than one dissociable proton Dissociate in a stepwise manner Each dissociation step has its own Ka Stepwise dissociation constants decreases in the order Ka 1 > Ka 2 > Ka 3 More difficult to remove a positively charge proton from negative ion.

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Acids Lesson 11 Weak Acids pH Calculations

Acids Lesson 11 Weak Acids pH Calculations. 1. Calculate the pH of 0.45 M HF. You need an ICE chart for weak acids or bases! HF ⇄ H + + F - I 0.45 M 0 0 C x x x E 0.45 - x x x Ka = [ H + ][ F - ] = 3.5 x 10 -4 [HF] Ka = x 2 = 3.5 x 10 -4 0.45 - x.

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Chapter 11 Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

Chapter 11 Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids. The fundamental process of information transfer in cells. 11.1 Nitrogenous Base. The UV absorpt ion spectra of the common ribonucleotides. DNA OD 260 / OD 280 = 1.8 RNA OD 260 / OD 280 = 2.0.

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Unit 11 Chapter 21 Acids and Bases

Unit 11 Chapter 21 Acids and Bases. Acid-Base Neutralization Buffers Acid-Base Titration. Neutralization Reactions. When acid and bases with equal amounts of hydrogen ion H + and hydroxide ions OH - are mixed, the resulting solution is neutral.

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16-6 Polyprotic Acids

16-6 Polyprotic Acids. Phosphoric acid: A triprotic acid. K a = 7.1  10 -3. H 3 PO 4 + H 2 O H 3 O + + H 2 PO 4 -. K a = 6.3  10 -8. H 2 PO 4 - + H 2 O H 3 O + + HPO 4 2-. K a = 4.2  10 -13. HPO 4 2- + H 2 O H 3 O + + PO 4 3-. Phosphoric Acid.

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Acid-Base Equilibrium (Mono- and Polyprotic) [Chapter 10,11]

Acid-Base Equilibrium (Mono- and Polyprotic) [Chapter 10,11]. THE TRUTH, THE WHOLE TRUTH AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH. Strong Acids and Bases. pH + pOH = - log K w = pK w = 14.00 for K w = 1.0x10 -14 pH + pOH = - log K w = pK w = 13.996 for K w = 1.01x10 -14 at 25 o C.

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Polyprotic Acids

Polyprotic Acids. Interesting Features of a plots. First, notice that the pH where two species concentrations are the same is around the pKa for that equilibrium. In fact, for polyprotic acids with pKa 's that differ by over 3 to 4 units, the pH is equal to the pKa.

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Chapter 11-Nucleic Acids as Therapeutic Agents

Chapter 11-Nucleic Acids as Therapeutic Agents. Nucleic acids A ntisense RNA and oligonucleotides R ibozymes A ptamers , I nterfering RNAs or RNAi Gene therapy Stem cells and therapeutic cloning. Figure 11.1.

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Diprotic and Polyprotic Acids: Two or more dissociable protons

Diprotic and Polyprotic Acids: Two or more dissociable protons. Consider the carbonic acid equilibrium. Consider the phosphoric acid equilibrium. What about the third equivalence point? Why is first equivalence point “acidic” and second “basic”?. Amino Acids. Amphoteric and zwitterionic.

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Chapter 10-Protein Therapeutics Chapter 11-Nucleic Acids as Therapeutic Agents

Chapter 10-Protein Therapeutics Chapter 11-Nucleic Acids as Therapeutic Agents. Pharmaceutical proteins and enzymes Monoclonal antibodies and recombinant antibodies Nucleic acids (antisense RNA and oligonucleotides, ribozymes, interfering RNAs or RNAi) Gene therapy

275 views • 24 slides

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Understanding Polyprotic Acids in Chemistry: A Comprehensive Guide

Understanding Polyprotic Acids in Chemistry: A Comprehensive Guide

Presentation Transcript

Polyprotic Acids

11. Nucleic Acids

Buffer Calculations for Polyprotic Acids

Polyprotic Acids &amp; Bases

Polyprotic acids

Polyprotic Acids &amp; Acid Strength

Polyprotic Acids

A. Polyprotic Acids Acids which can donate more than one H + . Each “donation” has its own Ka

Equilibria of Weak Acids &amp; Bases Part VI: Polyprotic Acids &amp; Titration Curves

Chapter 11 Structure of Nucleic Acids

11. Nucleic Acids / Genes

Chapter 10 Polyprotic Acid-Base Equilibria

Polyprotic Acids

Acids Lesson 11 Weak Acids pH Calculations

Chapter 11 Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

Unit 11 Chapter 21 Acids and Bases

16-6 Polyprotic Acids

Acid-Base Equilibrium (Mono- and Polyprotic) [Chapter 10,11]

Polyprotic Acids

Chapter 11-Nucleic Acids as Therapeutic Agents

Diprotic and Polyprotic Acids: Two or more dissociable protons

Chapter 10-Protein Therapeutics Chapter 11-Nucleic Acids as Therapeutic Agents

Polyprotic Acids & Bases

Polyprotic Acids & Acid Strength

Equilibria of Weak Acids & Bases Part VI: Polyprotic Acids & Titration Curves