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Data Transport Standard

Session 51. Data Transport Standard. Nathan Chitty Gary Allen. Data Transport Issues in Higher Ed. E-mail is not reliable or flexible enough for confidential and time-sensitive data No guarantee of delivery No guarantee of order of delivery for sequence dependent data

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Data Transport Standard

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  1. Session 51 Data Transport Standard Nathan Chitty Gary Allen

  2. Data Transport Issues in Higher Ed • E-mail is not reliable or flexible enough for confidential and time-sensitive data • No guarantee of delivery • No guarantee of order of delivery for sequence dependent data • No automatic confirmation of receipt or facility for retransmit • No synchronous response available • Email size limitations

  3. Data Transport Issues in Higher Ed • FTP data exchange has own challenges • Possible to overwrite earlier files • No confirmation of receipt • No synchronous response

  4. Data Transport Issues in Higher Ed • Encryption today is always separate and subject to its own • Issues • Maintenance • Failures

  5. DTS Addresses These Transport Issues • DTS addresses • The confirmation issue with a send-receive protocol – confirmation is built in • The order of delivery problem by actively delivering and receiving the data – no unconfirmed hand-offs

  6. DTS Addresses These Transport Issues • DTS addresses • The size problem through data compression • The FTP overwrite problem by not using filenames

  7. DTS Addresses These Transport Issues • DTS addresses • The lack of a synchronous response by building in a required synchronous response, even if only for handling status • The encryption issue by using standard HTTPS for encryption – the same technology as for online banking

  8. What is DTS? • DTS – Data Transport Standard – is a specification for an adjunct to or a replacement for existing data transport mechanisms • PGP / GnuPG encryption • SecretAgent w/ Email • FTP and SecureFTP

  9. What is DTS? • DTS is a specification not a product • DTS was developed by the Postsecondary Education Standards Council (PESC) for exchanging data for: • Inquiries • Reports • Transactions

  10. What is DTS? • DTS uses Internet technologies to facilitate real time data exchange and transaction processing • DTS builds on stable technologies, not specific products • DTS, once implemented, reduces programming and per-transaction costs through standardization

  11. DTS Benefits • A Web Services implementation • Delivery confirmation included – no guessing • All requests get a response • All submissions get an answer of some kind • Facilitates real time data exchange

  12. DTS Benefits • Includes automatic data encryption • Uses digital signature standards • Platform independent • Strong authentication with non-repudiation

  13. Benefits To “System Providers” • Adds value to schools’ systems • Schools want transport added to systems and are generally not concerned with the technologies • Easier to build one transport protocol for all recipients • Just as CommonRecord created the drive to build one XML format

  14. Benefits to “Service Providers” • As everyone implements DTS, the need to support other transports will drop • If any school implements DTS, service providers will have to support it • Also provides a single communication infrastructure option for internal systems

  15. DTS Specification • Specification covers • Technical interchange rules and processes • Recommended best practices • Technical Specification is the pure Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) interface • Implementation Guide is for both .Net and Java reference implementations

  16. DTS Specification • Reference implementation examples are available • Specification does not cover • Business rules for transaction processing • Operational oversight, monitoring or escalation

  17. DTS Technical Workgroup • Task: Create a written specification for real-time exchange of data between organizations • Meets business requirements • Standards based • Standard technologies (Java, .Net) • Payload Insensitive • Secure and reliable

  18. DTS Technologies • Global XML Web Service Architecture (GXA), generally accepted as the foundation for building Web Services • WSDL (Web Service Definition Language) • SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) • WS-I (Web Service Interoperability) • WS-S (Web Service Security)

  19. DTS Technologies • WS-Security (Digital Signatures) • Strong authentication with non-repudiation • X.509 encryption keys and certificate authorities • SSL encryption of HTTP streams

  20. Anticipated Architectures • Immediate processing • Request and processed Result Response • “Push/Push” deferred processing • Request and Acknowledge Response • Request with Result and Acknowledge Response • “Push/Pull” deferred processing • Request and Acknowledge Response (just send) • Request for Result and Result Response

  21. Immediate

  22. “Push/Push” (part 1)

  23. “Push/Push” (part 2)

  24. “Push/Pull” (part 1)

  25. “Push/Pull” (part 2)

  26. DTS Analogy • DTS is the definition of the “Pipe” and the structure of its contents • The “Pipe” is the internet • The content is SOAP • The end points/junctions are Web Services • The sources are Web Service enabled clients

  27. DTS Analogy • DTS defines how others can connect to the “Pipe” already installed • Any connections must have certain “threads” • Any connections must handle two way traffic independent of how the traffic will be used

  28. DTS Analogy • By knowing about the pipe and the type of connections, any “plumber” can use his/her own tools to make connections; just so long as the threads match

  29. How Did We Do It? • Created basic HelloWorld service and client • Worked interoperable • Added simple Headers to HelloWorld • Was not interoperable • Added complex Header to HelloWorld • Was not interoperable

  30. Why SOAP Headers • To answer routing and processing expectations without opening the payload • Remain payload insensitive • Allow extensibility for new processes

  31. DTS SOAP Headers • DTSResponseRouting • DTSResponseAcknowledge • DTSResponsePayloadType • DTSResponsePayloadBytes • DTSResponseSignature • DTSRequestRouting • DTSRequestServiceExpectation • DTSRequestPayloadType • DTSRequestPayloadBytes • DTSRequestSignature

  32. Convoluted Filename vs Header Elements • A [B] <X.Y.Z:M> • A = File Type, B = Encrytption, X.Y.Z = key identifier, M = Unique message ID • Encryption unnecessary because using HTTPS • DTSRequestPayloadType = A • DTSRequestRouting • SourceIDSubCode = X, SourceID =Y(.Z) • UUID = M

  33. Interop Problem with SOAP Headers • xsi:type attribute in Header elements • Java includes and requires this attribute • .Net does not

  34. <soap:Header> <DTSRequestPayloadType xsi:type="DTSRequestPayloadType" xmlns="http://www.datatransportstandard.com"> <value>CRC01Request</value> </DTSRequestPayloadCode> All about SOAP

  35. SOAP is the Key • The SOAP transmitted across the wire is of primary importance • Element names • Type attribute • Not Namespace moniker (Java uses one by default, .Net does not) • How you get the correct SOAP is not important

  36. SOAP Differences That Do Not Matter Java: <ns1:DTSRequestSignature soapenv:mustUnderstand="0" xsi:type="ns1:DTSRequestSignature" xmlns:ns1="http://www.datatransportstandard.com"> <ns1:value>SignatureValue</ns1:value> </ns1:DTSRequestSignature> .Net: <DTSRequestSignature xsi:type="DTSRequestSignature"xmlns="http://www.datatransportstandard.com"> <value>SignatureValue</value> </DTSRequestSignature>

  37. Reference Implementation Architecture • Client Application • Client Core • Service Core • Service Application

  38. Client Application • Knows nothing of SOAP or Web Services • Implements Client Core Interface • “Setters” and “Getters” of DTS specific elements • Houses specific business logic

  39. Client Core • Knows nothing of business logic • Uses properties set to construct the SOAP • Interface for “setting send” and “getting returned” elements • Handles the communication to Service Core- DTS Specification

  40. Service Core • Accepts transmissions from Client Core • Implements Service Application Interface • “Setters” and “Getters” of DTS specific elements • Creates return SOAP • Format return acknowledgement or data from Service Application • Construct SOAP faults

  41. Service Core (con’t) • Isolated business logic • Examples • Invoke Service Application based on payload • Place payload in “queue”

  42. Service Application • Interface for “setting sent” and “getting to be returned” elements • Houses specific business logic • Knows nothing of SOAP or Web Services

  43. Connecting the layers

  44. Connecting the layers

  45. Connecting the layers

  46. Connecting the layers

  47. Connecting the layers

  48. Connecting the Layers

  49. DTS Version 2 • New tools • No changes to interfaces • Reorganization of SOAP Headers • Full WS-Security integration

  50. New Tools • Axis 1.4 removed requirement for xsi:type attribute • Reduces complexity from .Net side • Implemented WSS4J and WSE • WS-Security integration

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