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Wearable Computer & E-Textiles

Wearable Computer & E-Textiles. By Gee Hang Lui Sandeep Vardhan Chih-Chieh Han. Outline. Definitions Background Existing Systems MIThril Georgia Tech Wearable Motherboard CMU. Definition: Steve Mann. 3 operational modes Constancy System may sleep, but never dead

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Wearable Computer & E-Textiles

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  1. Wearable Computer & E-Textiles By Gee Hang Lui Sandeep Vardhan Chih-Chieh Han

  2. Outline • Definitions • Background • Existing Systems • MIThril • Georgia Tech Wearable Motherboard • CMU

  3. Definition: Steve Mann • 3 operational modes • Constancy • System may sleep, but never dead • No need to boot the system in order to use it. • Augmentation • Mediation

  4. Augmented Reality (AR) • Combination the real and the virtual to assist the user in his environment • Examples: • Finger Tracking • Face Recognition • Visual Filter • Navigation • Repair instruction (http://lcs.www.media.mit.edu/projects/wearables/lizzy/augmented-reality.html)

  5. Mediated Reality • Personal Visual Assistant • Embodies a spatial visual filter • Reconfigures the human visual system • Providing a coordinate transformation • Visual Memory Prosthetic • Embodies a temporal visual filter • Provides computer-induced flashbacks (http://n1nlf-1.eecg.toronto.edu/tetherless/tetherless.html)

  6. Attributes • Unmonopolizing • Attend to other matter while using it • Enhancement of sensory capabilities • May mediate the sensory capabilities • Unrestrictive • You can do other things while using it • Example: • You can type while running

  7. Attributes • Observable • Can get your attention continuously if you want it to • The output medium is constantly perceptible by the wearer • Controllable • Responsive • Can grab control of it at any time • Can manually override to break the control loop

  8. Attributes • Attentive • Environmentally aware • Context sensitive • Communicative • Can be used as a communications medium • Allow the wearer to be expressive through the medium

  9. Existing Systems • System that composed of gadgets • MIThril • CMU VuMan • Others http://www.praecogito.com/~brudy/wearable.html) • System woven into shirt fabric • GTWM/Sensatex

  10. MIT Media Lab: MIThril

  11. System Specs • 3 cores • MPC823 + Altera FPGA single-board computer from Brightstar Engineering • Intel SA 1110 Strong-Arm based Intrinsyc CerfBoard • 802.11

  12. More Specs • 2 Interfaces (USB and I2C) for connecting peripherals including • I2C tag-reader • I2C 2G 1% accuracy three-axis accelerometer • USB microphones • cameras

  13. Peripherals connected to Core • Kopin CyberDisplay 320 Color 320 to Brightstar • Twiddler One chording keyboard to Brightstar • Debugging console serial ports to Brightstar and CerfBoard

  14. Software • Modified 2.4 PPC linux kernel • Debian Arm linux on the CerfBoard • “Memory Glasses” (explain next)

  15. Memory Glass • Wearable, proactive, and context-aware memory aid • A reminder system • delivery of information is situation conditioned; reminders are associated with context and are delivered when and where appropriate

  16. More on Memory Glass • Proactive: Deliver information when necessary • Context aware: Deliver information according to user’s context

  17. The Georgia Tech Wearable Motherboard™ • What is a Wearable Motherboard™? • An infrastructure integrated with sensors that you can wear. • Why needed? • A systematic way of monitoring the vital signs of humans in an unobtrusive manner.

  18. Topics of Discussion • Motivations • Highlighted technologies • Applications

  19. Motivations • Monitoring humans’ vital signs • Heart rate • EKG (electrocardiograph) • Body temperature • Respiration rate, etc. • Know more about the status of a human body by integrating the above biological phenomenon. • Apply to…… • Combat field • Medical applications • More applications later……

  20. Highlighted Technologies • Plastic Optical Fiber (POF) • spirally integrated into the structure during the fabric production process. • is woven with other specialty fibers throughout the actual fabric of the shirt • To pinpoint the exact location of a bullet penetration.

  21. Highlighted Technologies (cont’d) • Interconnection Technology • Data bus structure • Transmit information from and to the sensors mounted at any location on the body. • T-connectors • sensors are plugged into T-connectors • Allowing sensors to transmit information to multi-function processor (pager-size)

  22. Highlighted Technologies (cont’d) • Fully customizable (various sensors) • Respitrace™ sensor • EKG sensor • Thermistor-type sensor • Oxygen level sensor (fire fighters) • Can be laundered

  23. Highlighted Technologies (cont’d) • Distribution of collected data from sensors • Transceiver sends data to a wireless gateway. • Data are then sent via internet • Then various type of client can access the data, e.g. medical doctor, medical data server, etc.

  24. Applications • Consumer products • Medical products • Military and occupational products

  25. Applications (cont’d) • Consumer products • Amateur / Individual Sports • Monitor heart rate, respiration rate, body temperature, altitude, location, orientation, etc. • Team Athletic training • By analyzing athlete’s vital signs, coaches and trainers can manage the training more efficiently.

  26. Application (cont’d) • Medical Products • Monitoring of patients in post-operative recovery • Patients can go back home. • Information of the patients can be transmitted to the data server of the hospital via internet. • Infant vital signs monitoring • Continuously monitoring the vital signs of a newborn bady. • Avoid the infection of diseases and virus more efficiently.

  27. Application (cont’d) • Military and occupational products • Battle combat care

  28. CMU: Wearable Computer Project • Developing a new class of computing systems with a small footprint • Should be carried or worn by a human and be able to interact with computer-augmented environments • Relate to access to information • 18 generations have been designed and built over the last seven and a half years. • Most have been field-tested

  29. Several Projects Underway

  30. VuMan • User can maneuver and interact with “Private Eye” • Gives the illusion of viewing a personal computer screen from five feet away • User can use a cursor to select maps, images, or text • New applications can be loaded via different EPROM memory card into PCMCIA slot • Main app: Campus tour and Maintenance Assistant • Contains cache memory, hardware power management, PCMCIA slots, optional wireless radio • Different models can be used based on functionality • VuMan 3: 70 % of weight is battery, VuMan 2, 50 % is battery, VuMan 1: 20% is battery. Battery size depends on functionality required

  31. Navigator 2 • Multimedia wearable computer for Boeing aircraft application • Allows user to record aircrafts cracks and corrosion *all over* an aircraft • Input device is a joystick with general 2-dimensional input • Savings of 20 % in inspection time, and also reduces data entry time from hours to minutes

  32. TIA-P • Ruggedized hand-held pen based system • Applications • Speech translation, vehicle maintenance, small unit operations • Full duplex sound chip, 2Mbps radio, 32 MB main memory, 1.3 GB IDE drive, 100 Mhz 486 processor

  33. TIA-O • Smaller packager version of TIA-O • Applications: speech translation, electronic interactive technical manuals for F-16 maintenance, medical response system

  34. Metronaut • Provides ability to sense information: • locate position via bar code reader • Wide range comm. With two-way pager • Apps like Navigation, messaging, and scheduling

  35. ISAAC • Hands-free control of common office systems from anywhere in office building via speech and a wearable computer • Uses: • a wireless microphone for input to a stationary computer, • speech rec. to determine the request • IR and IR extenders for remote control of devices • Speech synthesis delivered over IR to a headset for output • Consumes less than one watt of power and weights less than a pound

  36. Daimler-Benz/Adtranz • Mobile computer with: • Pen-based input • Spread spectrum radio • Voice transmission • Image capture • VGS head mount support • 260MB hard disk • PCMCIA slots • Applications include fault reporting and preventative maintenance

  37. MoCCA • Mobile Communication and Computing Architecture • Designed to support geographically distributed field service engineers (FSE) • Comprised of many components: • Base unit which is a small laptop • Cell phone • Satellite unit • Wireless microphone which is connected to cell phone • UI though a web browser

  38. MoCCA

  39. Digital Ink • Sophisticated pen that recognizes and stores the handwriting and drawing of it’s user • After writing, user can write “SEND” and info is sent wirelessly (cell phone) to fax machines, desktop computers or other digital pens

  40. Speech Translator/ Smart Module • Smart modules are dedicated to speech processing applications • Provides service instantaneously and is configuration for different apps • SR module uses Sphinx 2 continuous, speaker independent system. • Code was profiled and tuned • Profiling was done to find hot spots for hw/sw acceleration and reduce computational & storage resources. • Input is audio and output is ASCII text

  41. Speech Translator/Smart Module • Coupled with LT to form complete stand-alone audio-based interactive dialogue system for speech translation

  42. WRL Itsy • Powerful platform for mobile computing research • Features: • StrongARM processor (clock-throttleable) • 8Mbytes flash memory/ 64 MB RAM • Serial port • Gray Display and touch screen • Linux • Ported Sphinx speech recognition system, PCMCIA Card Services, and Lucent WaveLAN driver • Processor clock can be varied from 30 MHz to 200 MHz

  43. Government Programs • DARPA ETO: Humionics • Integration of user’s information space and workspace • CMU type applications • DARPA ITO: E-Textiles • New program to bring textile and electronics industries together

  44. References • WearCam.org (http://wearcam.org) • MIThril (http://www.media.mit.edu/wearables) • GTWM (http://www.gtwm.gatech.edu/) • CMU VuMan (http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs.cmu.edu/project/vuman/www/home.html) • Steve Mann, Wearable, Tetherless, Computer-Mediated Reality (with possible future applications to the disabled) Feb. 2, 1996 (adapted to paper i presented at AAAI, Nov. 1996)

  45. References • Steven Mann, Empowerment: Fundamental Issues in Wearable Computing The First International Conference on Wearable Computing, ICWC-98, May 12-13, FairFax • http://www.sensatex.com/technology.htm • Papers from CMU site • http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs.cmu.edu/project/vuman/www/home.html • http://www.eetimes.com/story/technology/OEG20011101S0054 DARPA Textile Program

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