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The Cold War to Terrorism

vs. The Cold War to Terrorism. Korea to Now. New War. Cold War – a war between the Soviet Union and the United States where no fighting actually occurs United Nations (UN) – an organization of united countries that promotes world peace

lareina-mccarty
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The Cold War to Terrorism

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  1. vs. The Cold War to Terrorism Korea to Now

  2. New War • Cold War – a war between the Soviet Union and the United States where no fighting actually occurs • United Nations (UN) – an organization of united countries that promotes world peace • Question: Is world peace possible? Why or Why Not…explain

  3. Iron Curtain • “Iron curtain” – imaginary line that divided Europe. • East – Communist • West – Free • Satellite Nations – countries dominated by communism

  4. Germany Divided • Germany cut into 4 pieces • Soviet, British, French, American • Berlin (capital) located in Soviet section • Berlin divided into 4 sections as well • Power Struggle – Soviets blockade of allied Berlin • Berlin Airlift – 327 days

  5. Berlin Germany

  6. American Response • Containment– don’t allow communism to spread • Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan • Giving support and money to countries threatened by communism • North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) • “An attack on one is an attack on all” • Question: In your opinion should the US be protecting other nations both then and now? Explain, why or why not?

  7. Communism in China • Communist Revolution in China • Mao Zedong – “Red China”

  8. Korean War • Soviet controlled North Korea attacks South Korea in 1950 • 38th Parallel is the dividing line • Back and forth battles, land gained and lost – “Tug of War” • Chinese help the north • In the end little land changes hand - stalemate • Demilitarized Zone – a piece of land where no military can enter • 38th Parallel

  9. Fear of Attack • H-Bomb – more powerful than an atomic bomb • “Nuke” • Soviets tested theirs in 1953 • Lots of panic in the US – “Duck and Cover”

  10. A New Nation Formed • Israel formed in Middle East as a country for the Jews • Land taken from Palestine – Arabs • Conflict begins instantly

  11. Hope for Peace • Nikita Khrushchev takes over the Soviet Union after Stalin dies in 1953 • Wants to improve relations with the US • All hope is lost when an American U-2 spy plane is shot down over the Soviet Union

  12. Cuba • Fidel Castro gains power – brings in communism, cuts ties with US • Aligns with Soviets • Bay of Pigs Invasion • Using Cuban exiles to overthrow Castro, failed • Cuban Missile Crisis • Nukes discovered in Cuba • 13 day stand off – FEAR!!! • Agreement made to remove missiles from Cuba and Turkey

  13. Cold War Continues • Berlin Wall built – separates East and West Berlin • Hot Line – direct phone line between Washington DC and Moscow • Space Race Continues • US will put a man on the moon by the end of the 1960’s

  14. War in Vietnam

  15. Origins of War • Ho Chi Minh and Communist army win independence from France • Geneva Accords - Split • North communist – South Free (United States) • Ngo Dinh Diem took control of South in ’55 • Anti-Communist • Anti-Buddhist – Pro-Catholic

  16. Monks protesting the harsh treatment of Buddhists under Diem

  17. Origins of War continued… • Communists in the south organize and form the Vietcong • US had big fear of the Domino Theory – one country falls many will follow • Kennedy sends troops to help the south • Nov. 1, 1963 the South Vietnamese army staged a coup – overthrow the government • Assassinated Diem

  18. Conflict Continues • President Lyndon B. Johnson takes over after the death of JFK • Sec. of Defense Robert McNamara • “I don’t think it’s worth fighting for, but I don’t think we can get out.” • US ships attacked in the Gulf of Tonkin • LBJ now has a good reason to fight • US involvement begins to escalate – gradually increase • 180,000 in ’65 to 500,000 in ‘67

  19. Combat in Vietnam • Guerilla Warfare – jungles, tunnels, trails • Ho Chi Minh Trail – main supply route • The US began search – and – destroy missions – find the enemy and wipe them out • Backed by jets and helicopters • Napalm – liquid fire • Agent Orange – herbicide - chemical warfare • North Vietnamese/Vietcong frustrated the US by constantly out numbering them • Pres. Johnson – “Can we win this war?”

  20. Ho Chi Minh Trail

  21. Napalm

  22. Napalm Victims

  23. Agent Orange Victims

  24. Southeast Asia Map

  25. Attack on American Ships • Jan. 23, 1968 USS Pueblo, a US spy ship and its crew are captured • This attack shocked America • “A US boat had been defeated”

  26. The Tet Offensive • Jan 31, 1968 (Vietnamese New Year - Tet) • North Vietnamese/Vietcong targeted southern bases and major cities (Saigon) • Vietcong drove deep into southern territory • America launched a strong counter attack and was able to push the Vietcong north • Major turning point in the war • Why? • 1st war shown on live television

  27. “Peace is at Hand” • Removal of over 450,000 US troops • 1st peace talks failed • South Vietnamese president did not want Northern troops in his country • Nixon reelected • One final round of bombings • Jan. 27, 1973 – Peace Treaty signed

  28. North Vietnam Continues • North Vietnamese army does not stop • Saigon fell on April 20, 1975 • Communism takes over Vietnam

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