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Cascade Style Sheet Demo

Cascade Style Sheet Demo. ISYS 350. Cascading Style Sheets . Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a mechanism for adding style (e.g., fonts, colors, spacing) to Web documents.

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Cascade Style Sheet Demo

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  1. Cascade Style Sheet Demo ISYS 350

  2. Cascading Style Sheets • Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a mechanism for adding style (e.g., fonts, colors, spacing) to Web documents. • A style sheet consists of a list of style rules. Each rule or rule-set consists of one or more selectors, and a declaration block.

  3. CSS Rule Syntax • A CSS rule has two main parts: a selector, and one or more declarations:

  4. A CSS declaration always ends with a semicolon, and declaration groups are surrounded by curly brackets.Example: p { color:red; text-align:center; }

  5. CSS MIME Type • Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) is an Internet standard of content type system. • CSS MIME type: • text/css • Example: referencing a CSS file using the <link> element inside the head section <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="main.css" />

  6. Three Ways to Insert CSS • External style sheet • Internal style sheet • Inline style

  7. External Style Sheet • An external style sheet can be written in any text editor. It should be saved with a .css extension. • An external style sheet is ideal when the style is applied to many pages. • Each page must link to the style sheet using the <link> tag. The <link> tag goes inside the head section: <head> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="mystyle.css"> </head>

  8. Internal Style Sheet • An internal style sheet should be used when a single document has a unique style. You define internal styles in the head section of an HTML page, by using the <style> tag, like this: <head> <style> hr {color:sienna;} p {margin-left:20px;} body {background-image:url("images/back40.gif");} </style> </head> Note: Do not add a space between the property value and the unit (such as margin-left:20 px). The correct way is: margin-left:20px

  9. Inline Styles • An inline style loses many of the advantages of style sheets by mixing content with presentation. Use this method sparingly! • To use inline styles you use the style attribute in the relevant tag. • Example: <p style="color:sienna;margin-left:20px">This is a paragraph.</p>

  10. HTML Element as Selector • Apply to all elements of a specific type: • H1 { color: blue; } • p {color:red;text-align:center;}

  11. Example <head> <title></title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="mystyle.css"> </head> <body> <div> <h1> This is h1 text</h1><br> <h3> This is h3 text</h3><br> <h6> This is h6 text</h6><br> <h1> This is h1 text again</h1><br> <h3> This is h3 text again</h3><br> <h6> This is h6 text again</h6><br> <br> <p> This is the P tag data</p> </div> </body> H1 { color: blue; } H3 {color:green;} H6 {color:red;} p {color:red;text-align:center;}

  12. ID as a selector • The id selector is used to specify a style for a single, unique element identified by the id attribute of the HTML element. • The selector is with a preceding '#': • Example: • A HTML element : <div id=“mycontent"> • The style rule is: #mycontent { width: 450px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 15px; background: white; border: 2px solid navy; }

  13. Class As Selector • The class selector is used to specify a style for a group of elements. The class selector uses the HTML class attribute to set a particular style for many HTML elements with the same class. • The class selector is defined with a "."

  14. Examples of Class Selector • Example 1: All HTML elements with class="center" will be center-aligned: • HTML: <h1 class="center">Center-aligned heading</h1> • Style: with a preceding “.” .center{ text-align:center; } • Example 2: In the example below, all p elements with class="center" will be center-aligned: • p.center {text-align:center;} • Example 3: Only ul elements will use the “nav” class. • HTML: <ul class="nav"> • Style: ul.nav { list-style-type: none; margin-left: 0; padding-left: 0; }

  15. Example <body> <div id="mycontent"> <h1> This is h1 text</h1><br> <h3 class="center"> This is h3 text</h3><br> <h6> This is h6 text</h6><br> <h1> This is h1 text again</h1><br> <h3 class="center"> This is h3 text again</h3><br> <h6> This is h6 text again</h6><br> <br> <p> This is the P tag data</p> <p class="left">This is the 2nd P tag data</p> </div> </body> .center{ text-align:center; } p.left{text-align:left;}

  16. Pseudo Class Selector:pseudo-classes are used to add special effects to some selectors. For example, change color when mouse is over the element, a:hover {color:#FF00FF;} • table:hover {color:red;} • td:hover {color:blue;} • p:hover{color:blue;} • See list of pseudo-classess such as link, visited, focus, etc.: http://www.w3schools.com/css/css_pseudo_classes.asp

  17. The CSS Box Model • All HTML elements can be considered as boxes. In CSS, the term "box model" is used when talking about design and layout. • The CSS box model is essentially a box that wraps around HTML elements, and it consists of: margins, borders, padding, and the actual content.

  18. box model

  19. Explanation of the different parts of a box • Margin - Clears an area around the border. The margin does not have a background color, it is completely transparent • Border - A border that goes around the padding and content. The border is affected by the background color of the box • Padding - Clears an area around the content. The padding is affected by the background color of the box • Content - The content of the box, where text and images appear

  20. Example width:250px; padding:10px; border:5px solid gray; margin:10px; The total width of the element in the example is 300px: 250px (width) + 20px (left + right padding) + 10px (left + right border) + 20px (left + right margin) = 300px

  21. Example: Define a box for a P tag: p{color:red;text-align:center; width:250px; padding:10px; border:5px solid gray; margin:10px; }

  22. Example: Page View

  23. HTML Code <body> <div id=“mycontent"> <h1>Product Discount Calculator</h1> <form action="display_discount.php" method="post"> <div id=“mydata"> <label>Product Description:</label> <input type="text" name="product_description"/><br /> <label>List Price:</label> <input type="text" name="list_price"/><br /> <label>Discount Percent:</label> <input type="text" name="discount_percent"/>%<br /> </div> <div id="buttons"> <label>&nbsp;</label> <input type="submit" value="Calculate Discount" /><br /> </div> </form> </div> </body>

  24. body { font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin: 10px; padding: 0; } #mycontent { width: 450px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 15px; background: white; border: 2px solid navy; } h1 { color: navy; } label { width: 10em; padding-right: 1em; float: left; } #mydata input { float: left; width: 15em; margin-bottom: .5em; } #buttons input { float: left; margin-bottom: .5em; } br { clear: left; }

  25. CSS Font-Size: em vs. px vs. pt vs. percenthttp://kyleschaeffer.com/user-experience/css-font-size-em-vs-px-vs-pt-vs/ • An em is equal to the current font-size, for instance, if the font-size of the document is 12pt, 1em is equal to 12pt. Ems are scalable in nature, so 2em would equal 24pt, .5em would equal 6pt, etc. • Generally, 1em = 12pt = 16px = 100%

  26. HTML Element Object Properties:http://www.w3schools.com/jsref/dom_obj_all.asp • className property • style property • Assuming we have two classes: • .evenColor {color:red;} • .oddColor {color:black;} • Example of assigning className value dynamically using code. var row = table.insertRow(rowCount); if(count % 2 == 0){ row.className= "evenColor"; } else{ row.className = "oddColor"; } Example of assigning style property using code: varboxFV=document.getElementById('FV'); fv=myPV*Math.pow(1+myRate,myYear); if (fv>1000) boxFV.style.backgroundColor = "red"; else boxFV.style.backgroundColor = "green";

  27. Loan Affordability Analysis

  28. HTML Code <body> <div> <p>Loan Affordability Analysis</p> <form name="pmtForm"> <p>Enter Loan: <input type="text" id="Loan" name="Loan" value="" /><br><br> <p>Enter Rate: <input type="text" id="Rate" name="Rate" value="" /><br><br> <p>Enter Term: <input type="text" id="Term" name="Term" value="" /><br><br> <p>Enter Affordable payment: <input type="text" id="Afford" name="Afford" value="" /><br><br> <p>Payment is: <input type="text" id="Pmt" name="Pmt" value="" /><br><br> <input type="button" value="Compute Payment" name="btnCompute" onclick="computePmt()" /> </form> </div> </body>

  29. computePmt() <script> function computePmt(){ Loan=parseFloat(document.getElementById("Loan").value); Rate=parseFloat(document.getElementById("Rate").value); Term=parseFloat(document.getElementById("Term").value); Afford=parseFloat(document.getElementById("Afford").value); Pmt=(Loan*Rate/12)/(1-Math.pow(1+Rate/12,-12*Term)); varboxPmt=document.getElementById("Pmt"); if (Pmt>Afford) boxPmt.style.backgroundColor="red"; else boxPmt.style.backgroundColor="green"; boxPmt.value=Pmt.toFixed(2); } </script>

  30. CSS File div { width: 450px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 15px; background: aqua; border: 2px solid navy; } p {font-weight:bold;}

  31. <head> <title></title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="rowcss.css" /> <script> function showTable(){ value=eval(document.depForm.pValue.value); life=eval(document.depForm.pLife.value); depreciation = value / life; var table = document.getElementById('depTable'); vartotalDepreciation=0; for(vari = table.rows.length - 1; i > 0; i--) { table.deleteRow(i); } for (count = 1; count <= life; count++) { varrowCount = table.rows.length; var row = table.insertRow(rowCount); if(count % 2 == 0){ row.className = "evenColor"; }else{ row.className = "oddColor"; } var cell0 = row.insertCell(0); cell0.innerHTML=count; var cell1 = row.insertCell(1); cell1.innerHTML="$" + value.toFixed(2); var cell2 = row.insertCell(2); cell2.innerHTML="$" + depreciation.toFixed(2); totalDepreciation += depreciation; var cell3 = row.insertCell(3); cell3.innerHTML="$" + totalDepreciation.toFixed(2); value -= depreciation; } } </script> </head>

  32. Body Section <body> <div id="content"> <p>Straight Line Depreciation Table<p><br><br> <form name="depForm"> Enter Property Value: <input type="text" name="pValue" value="" /><br><br> Enter Property Life_: <input type="text" name="pLife" value="" /><br> <br> <input type="button" value="Show Table" name="btnShowTable" onclick="showTable()" /> </form><br> <table id="depTable" border="1" width="400" cellspacing="1"> <thead> <tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Value at BeginYr</th> <th>Dep During Yr</th> <th>Total to EndOfYr</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> </tbody> </table> </div> </body>

  33. CSS File #content { width: 650px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 15px; background: aqua; border: 2px solid navy; } table:hover {color:blue;} td:hover {color:blue;} table { border:1px solid green; margin: 0 auto; } .evenColor {color:red;} .oddColor {color:black;} p { font-size: 200; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; text-decoration: underline; }

  34. Tutorials • W3C: • http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-CSS1/#css1-properties • W3Schools.com: • http://www.w3schools.com/css/default.asp

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