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Unit 4: Agents of Erosion

Unit 4: Agents of Erosion. Unit Big Idea/Essential Questions. Water and wind are active agents of erosion that constantly reshapes the earth’s surface. Essential Questions How does porosity, permeability, aquitards , and aquifers influence groundwater?

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Unit 4: Agents of Erosion

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  1. Unit 4: Agents of Erosion

  2. Unit Big Idea/Essential Questions • Water and wind are active agents of erosion that constantly reshapes the earth’s surface. • Essential Questions • How does porosity, permeability, aquitards, and aquifers influence groundwater? • What conditions would create karst topography? • What importance does deltas have? • How can glaciation erode, alter, and reshape the earth’s surface? ES Standards: 3.1, 3.4, 3.5

  3. Key Vocabulary • Alluvial fan • Delta • Drainage basin • Infiltration • Karst topography • Meander • Natural levee • Oxbow lake • Permeability • Porosity • Alpine glacier • Arete • Cirque • Deflation • Drumlin • Moraine (lateral, medial) • Till • Zone of accumulation • Zone of wastage

  4. Recap • Weathering-process that breaks downs materials (chemical and/or mechanically) at the earth’s surface. • Erosion- removes weathered material by wind and water. • Deposition- deposits eroded material in a new location making new features

  5. Question of the Day • What is the hydrological cycle?

  6. Water • Infiltration depends on • Intensity/duration of rainfall • Prior wetted condition of soil • Soil texture • Slope of the land • Nature of vegetative cover • What is a Drainage Basin? • River Systems • 3 parts: zone of erosion, zone of sediment transport, zone of sediment deposition

  7. Streamflow • Laminar or Turbulent • Which type of flow is responsible for whitewater rapids? • Stream Velocity is based upon • Gradient • Shape, size, and roughness of channel • Discharge • Width x depth x velocity

  8. Transportation of Eroded Material • Dissolved load, Suspended Load, Bed Load • Competence determines the maximum size of particles that can be carried • Capacity is based upon a streams discharge • Stream Channels • Bedrock • Alluvial • Meanders, Oxbow Lakes, Cut banks and Point bars • Stream Valleys

  9. Depositional Features • Floodplains • Delta • Levees • Alluvial Fans

  10. Question of the Day • What are some ways to control flooding?

  11. Groundwater • Rate of movement and amount depends on • Porosity • Permeability • Aquitards • Aquifers

  12. Glaciation • Two types • Glacial Movement • Zone of accumulation • Zone of wastage • Erosion by plucking and abrasion

  13. Glacial Features via Erosion • Glacial Trough • Hanging Valleys • Cirques • Aretes • Horns • Fjords

  14. Depositional Features • Till vs. Stratified Drift • Glacial Erratics • Moranines • Outwash Plains • Drumlins • Eskers • Kames • Kettle Lakes

  15. Causes of Glaciation • Plate Tectonics • Changes in Earth’s Orbit • Changes in output energy from Sun • Albedo and Atmosphere composition

  16. Wind Erosion and Deposition • Deflations and Abrasion • Loess • Sand Dunes

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