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Methods of Ventilation

Methods of Ventilation. Mouth to mask Two-person BVM device Flow restricted, oxygen powered device One-person BVM device. Bag-valve-mask. Rate of Artificial Ventilations. Adult — 1 breath every 5 seconds Children — 1 breath every 3 seconds Infants — 1 breath every 3 seconds.

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Methods of Ventilation

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  1. Methods of Ventilation • Mouth to mask • Two-person BVM device • Flow restricted, oxygen powered device • One-person BVM device Bag-valve-mask

  2. Rate of Artificial Ventilations Adult — 1 breath every 5 seconds Children — 1 breath every 3 seconds Infants — 1 breath every 3 seconds Bag-valve-mask

  3. Mouth-to-Mask Technique (1 of 2) • Kneel at patient’s head and open airway. • Place the mask on the patient’s face. • Take a deep breath and breathe into the patient for 1 1/2 to 2 seconds. • Remove your mouth and watch for patient’s chest to fall.

  4. Mouth-to-Mask Technique (2 of 2)

  5. Bag-Valve-Mask Device • Can deliver more than 90% oxygen • Delivers less tidal volume than mouth-to-mask • Requires practice to be proficient • May be used with advanced airways

  6. Bag-Valve-Mask Components

  7. Two-Person BVM Technique (1 of 2) • Insert an oral airway. • One caregiver maintains seal while the other delivers ventilations. • Place mask on patient’s face. • Squeeze bag to deliver ventilations.

  8. Two-Person BVM Technique (2 of 2)

  9. One-Person BVM Technique

  10. Flow-Restricted, Oxygen-Powered Devices

  11. Ongoing Assessment of Ventilation • Adequate Ventilation • Equal chest rise and fall • Ventilating at appropriate rate • Heart rate returns to normal • Inadequate Ventilation • Minimal or no chest rise and fall • Ventilations too fast or slow • Heart rate does not return to normal

  12. Sellick Maneuver • Use on unconscious patients to prevent gastric distention. • Place pressure on cricoid with thumb and index finger.

  13. Gastric Distention • Artificial ventilation fills stomach with air. • Occurs if ventilations are too forceful or too frequent or when airway is blocked • May cause patient to vomit

  14. Stomas and Tracheostomy Tubes • Ventilations are delivered through the stoma. • Attach BVM device to tube or use infant mask. • Stoma may need to be suctioned.

  15. Causes of Foreign Body Obstruction • Relaxation of the tongue • Vomited stomach contents • Blood clots, bone fragments, damaged tissue • Swelling caused by allergic reactions • Foreign objects

  16. Recognizing an Obstruction (1 of 2) • Obstruction may be partial or complete. • Is patient able to speak or cough? • If patient is unconscious, attempt to deliver artificial ventilation.

  17. Removing an Obstruction (2 of 2) • Perform Heimlich maneuver. • Use suction if needed. • If attempts to clear the airway are unsuccessful, transport rapidly.

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