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Electricity

Electricity. This is a small presentation to cover the chapter of Electricity for Class X. Key points to remember:-. Que : What is electric current ?. Ans : Electric current is the rate of flow of charge. Eg :.

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Electricity

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  1. Electricity This is a small presentation to cover the chapter of Electricity for Class X

  2. Key points to remember:- Que : What is electric current ? Ans : Electric current is the rate of flow of charge Eg : Battery provides the driving force required to move the charges along the wire from one terminal to another The constant voltage difference between the two terminals of the wire maintains the constant electric current through the wire NOTE :-

  3. Measurement of electric current :- Electric current is measured in terms of Amperes Where :- 1 Ampere = 1 coulomb / second Voltage is measured in terms of Volt Where :- 1 Volt = 1 Joule / Coulomb

  4. Que : What is resistance ? Ans : Resistance is the property that resists the flow of electrons in a conductor. It controls the magnitude of the current. The SI units of resistance are: - Ohms Resistivity is defined as the resistance offered by a cube of the material of side 1m when the current flows perpendicular to the opposite faces of the cube

  5. OHMS Law:- It states that : The potential difference across the ends of a resistor is directly proportional to the current through it, provided it’s temperature remains the same The resistance of a conductor depends directly on it’s length, inversely on it’s area of cross section and also on the material of the conductor

  6. Combination of Resistors :-

  7. Series Combination of Resistors :- In Series combination of resistors The current flowing through each resistor is the same The potential difference across the ends of the series combination is distributed across the resistors The equivalent resistance is greater than the greatest resistance in the combination

  8. Parallel Combination of Resistors :- In Series combination of resistors The equivalent resistance is lesser than the least of all the resistances. The potential difference across each resistor is same and is equal to the potential difference across the combination The main current divides itself and a different current flows through each resistor

  9. The Heating effect of current :- When heat is produced in a wire when current is passed through it is called heating effect of current

  10. Power :- Electric power is the rate at which electrical energy is produced or consumed in an electric circuit The unit of power is Watt (W). One watt of power is consumed when 1 A of current flows at a potential difference of 1 V The commercial unit of electrical energy is kilowatt hour (kWh), commonly known as a ‘unit’

  11. Formulae to remember :- The Joule’s law of heating :- The Electrical energy dissipated in a resistor :- The equivalent resistance in Parallel :- The Current through the cross-section of a conductor is :- Ohms Law :- The equivalent resistance in Series :- The Electric Power :- The Potential difference between two points is :- Q 1 1 1 1 2 W R t 2 2 W H V I t = = V I = = I R I = R R = + R + + R I V P V I P + = OR = R = V = R R R R t 1 2 3 R Q 1 2 3 Where :- Where :- Where :- Where :- Where :- Where :- Where :- Where :- Where :- P = Power R = Equivalent Resistance I = Current V = Potential Difference W = Electrical energy dissipated in a resistor V = Potential Difference I = Current t = Time H = Heat Produced I = Current R = Equivalent Resistance t = Time R = Equivalent Resistance R (1,2,3) = Individual resistances in Parallel I = Current Q = Net Charge flowing through the conductor t= Time V = Potential difference I = Current R= Resistance R = Equivalent Resistance R (1,2,3) = Individual resistances in Series P = Power V = Potential Difference I = Current V = Potential difference W = Work Done Q= Charge

  12. Conversion:- 6 x 1 kW h 3,600,000 J 3.6 10 J = =

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