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New Lists and Seasoned Firms: Fundamentals and Survival Rates. Eugene F. Fama Kenneth R. French October 16, 2002. Overview. There is a flood of new lists in 1980s and 1990s. Profitability is progressively more disperse and left skewed. Growth becomes more disperse and right skewed.
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New Lists and Seasoned Firms: Fundamentals and Survival Rates Eugene F. Fama Kenneth R. French October 16, 2002
Overview • There is a flood of new lists in 1980s and 1990s. • Profitability is progressively more disperse and left skewed. • Growth becomes more disperse and right skewed. • There is sharp decline in new list survival rates. • Seasoned firms acquire subdued versions of these characteristics.
Lots of evidence on returns of IPOs and other new lists Ritter (1991) Dharan and Ikenberry (1995) Loughran and Ritter (1995) Eckbo and Norli (2001) Brav, Geczy, and Gompers (2000) Gompers and Lerner (2001) Shultz (2002) Some evidence on new list survival rates Seguin and Smoller (1997) Less evidence on characteristics and performance Jain and Kini (1994) Mikkelson, Partch, and Shah (1997) Previous Research
Table 1 – Average Number of Firms and Average NYSE and Local Exchange Percentiles for Market Equity and Assets
Figures 4b and 4c – Profitability of All New Lists and Big New Lists of Last Five Years
Figures 4b and 5a – Profitability of Firms Listed within Last 5 Years and Firms Seasoned for More than 5 Years
Figures 5a and 5b – Profitability of All Seasoned Firms and Big Seasoned Firms
Figures 5a and 5c – Profitability of Firms Seasoned More Than Five Years and More Than Ten Years
Figures 4b and 6a – Profitability of Firms Listed within Last Five Years and All Firms
Figures 7a and 7b – Growth of All Firms and Firms Seasoned More Than Five Years
Figures 7a and 7c – Growth of All Firms and Firms Listed within Last Five Years
Figures 7c and 8c – Growth of All New Lists and Big New Lists of the Last Five Years
Figures 8a and 8b – Growth of IPOs and Non-IPO New Lists of the Last Five Years
Figures 9a and 9b – Growth of IPOs and Non-IPO New Lists in Year After Listing
Table 4a – Average Profitability for Seasoned Firms and New Lists that Survive, Merge, or Delist
Table 4b – Average Growth for Seasoned Firms and New Lists that Survive, Merge, or Delist
Summary • There is a flood of new lists in 1980s and 1990s. • New list profitability becomes progressively more disperse and left skewed. • Growth becomes more disperse and right skewed. • There is a sharp decline in new list survival rates. • Seasoned firms acquire subdued versions of these characteristics.
What Caused the Changes? • Improved governance? • Reductions in holding costs or trading costs? • But there is not a shift toward smaller firms. • Shift of R&D from old firms to start-ups? • Lower expected stock returns?