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Kupu Tühono

Kupu Tühono. Conjunctions. A conjunction is a ‘joining word’. Its main role is to link together two parts of a sentence.

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Kupu Tühono

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  1. Kupu Tühono Conjunctions

  2. A conjunction is a ‘joining word’. Its main role is to link together two parts of a sentence. Conjunctions are also:* cohesion in links*joins sentences together*improves flow and fluency*clarifying something or a point*can be flexible *it explains, clarifies and adds to There are two types of conjunction: coordinating and subordinating conjunctions.

  3. Coordinating conjunctions join equivalent parts of a sentence. ie: two CLAUSES which make up a sentence (this is called coordination.) • Ka tangi te pere,ä, ka hoki mai ngä tamariki ki te käinga.

  4. There are many conjunctions/kupu tuhono • Me , ahakoa, otirä, ä, nä reira, nö reira, heoi, nä te mea, nö te mea • engari(but), anä (when future),hoki, ina hoki, ina (for), tetahi (moreover), ina (since, in as much as),ranei (either….or) • tena ko ko tenei(on the other hand) arä (that is)

  5. Me (with,and) may be used with names and nouns but not to join verbal phrases: • Kua haere te koroua me tana kurï ki te ngahere. • Nö Ngäti Awa me Tühoe ia. Note that me must always be followed by a definite article (te,ngä,taku,tö,tana…) or a proper noun. In other words, me is always followed by something definite and particular. It is never followed by other prepositions (ie: ko,a,o,mä,mö,nä,nö,ki,i,kei,hei,he) or any of the verbal markers.

  6. Ä (and,and then) can sometimes be used instead of me to say ‘and’ but its use is different. Ä is not used to join names or to join nouns, when me would be used. However, it is used with other prepositions listed below when me can not be used. (ko,a,o,mä,mö,nä,nö,ki,i,kei,hei,he) Ä also differs in that it is preceded and followed by pauses. Note its various uses in the following sentences. • Ka tangi te pere ,ä, ka hoki mai ngä tamariki ki te kainga • Ka horoi ,ä, ka kai te whänau • Ka tuhi te tohunga ki ngä awa ,ä, ki ngä maunga.

  7. Ahakoa (although,notwithstanding,despite,even though, whatever, and no matter.) • Here are some examples of its use. • Ahakoa tö rätou haere pö mai, i kitea anö rätou e Ngäti Hauä • Ahakoa te kaha o ä rätou mahi, käore rätou i pähi i te whakamätautau • Ka Körero anö a Waretau, ahakoa kua körero kë ia.

  8. Otirä (but however/ but at the same time) It is somewhat similar in meaning to ahakoa but not as easy to define. • Otirä nö te kitenga o ngä kaimahi i ä ia, ka körerorero ki a rätou anö

  9. Nä reira/nö reira (therefore/and so) This is useful in speeches while thinking of what to say next! Strickly, nä reira would be used after mentioning some action, and nö reira after mentioning general circumstances. • Kua haehae ahau i töku tarau nä reira ka patua au e töku päpä. • Nö reira, e hoa mä, haere mai, haere mai, haere mai!

  10. Heoi (however/notwithstanding) • He ähua mate tö räua whaea, heoi ka haere atu rätou katoa ki tätahi. • Heoi ka moe tonu ngä tamähine a Hine.

  11. nä te mea/ nö te mea(because) • Nä te mea ka haere töna whaiäpo ki tawhiti ka tangi a Tïna. • Kua hoki mai au nä te mea ka pau katoa äku moni.

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