Kingdom Stations

1. Kingdom Stations

2. Kingdom Bacteria pg. 426-427 • Unicellular or Multicellular? • Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic? • Autotrophs: and heterotrophs • Surrounded by a cell wallcontaining Peptidoglycan • Are found everywhere: ocean, fresh water, salt water, soil, atmosphere. • Have threeshapes. The shapes are round/cocci, spiral/spirilla,and rod/bacillus. • Identify and explain 3 ways in which bacteria obtain energy. Photoautotrophs make food from light, • Chemoautotrophs make food from chemicals • Heterotrophs absorb nutrients from the surroundings • Reproduce (sexually/asexually) through a process known as binary fission which produces 2 (different/identical) cells. • Sketch and label a pic of bacteria into journal

3. Kingdom Archaeapgs. 427-428 • Unicellular or Multicellular? • Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic? • Autotrophs and Heterotrophs • Explain how Archaeabacteria are different than bacteria • Archaeabacteria do not have peptidoglycan in their cell wallsand have a different lipid in their cell membrane • The genes in archea are linked to eukaryotes • What type of environment do they live in? Give at least 5 examples. • Hot springs of gysers • Steam vents (Yellowstone) • Rift vents in the ocean…100 degree temperature • Extremely acidic high temperature water • Intestines of cows, termites, and some aquatic animals • Marshes, soil and oceans

4. How are they grouped? Grouped by the environment they live in. • Identify and explain the 3 groups of Archaea. • Methanogens convert hydrogen an carbon dioxide into methane gas. They are anaerobic…do not need oxygen to live. They live in thick mud and cow and human intestines. • Halophiles live in very salty environments such as the Great Salt Lake of Dead Sea • Thermoacidophiles live in highly acidic and hith temperature environments such as volcanoes and deep ocean vents. • Sketch a pic of an extreme environment they may live in.

5. Kingdom ProtistaPgs. 429-431 • Multicellular and Unicellular? • Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic? • Autotrophs and Heterotrophs • Explain why protists are the most diverse kingdom. • This kingdom contains organisms that do not fit anywhere else. • All protists live in a water-basedenvironment.

6. Arranged into three groups that are plantlike, animallike or funguslike. • Explain how Amoebas obtain their food. • Amoebas use their pseudopod to stream out and surround food particles and take the food into the cytoplasm where it is stored as a food vacuole. • Parameciums move by cilia which are small whiskerlike structures that are attached to the cell membrane. The beating motion of the cilia brings food into the mouth. • Explain why Euglena are unique in the way they obtain food. • Euglena are both heterotrophic and autotrophic. When light is available chloroplasts produce food. When there is no light it wraps around the food and absorbs nutrients into the cytoplasm. • Draw and Label the Amoeba (label the nucleus)

7. Kingdom FungiPgs. 431-433 • Unicellular or Multicellular? • Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic? • Autotroph, Heterotrophs • 4 examples of fungi are: • Mushrooms • Yeasts • Truffles • Morels • Molds • Rust • smuts • Explain the reason why fungi were once grouped with plants. • Fungi have cell walls, anchor into the soil and grow upward from the soil • The cell walls of fungi are made of chitin.

8. Identify and explain 3 ways in which fungi obtain their food. • Most fungi are decomposers and break down dead decaying material. • Some fungi are parasitic and live off of another organism. • Some fungi live in symbiotic relationships with other organisms…they are mutualistic. • Fungi reproduce bothasexyuallyand sexyally. • Yeasts are unicellular and obtain energy by absorbing sugar. • Sketch a fungus of your choice

9. Kingdom PlantaePgs. 433-436 • Unicellular or Multicellular? • Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic? • Autotroph, Heterotrophs, or Both? • They contain chloroplastswhich allows them to obtain their food through a process known asphoitosynthesis. • Identify and explain the 2 divisions of plants. • Non-vascular plants, such as mosses (example), live in moist environments, and lack vascular tissue, stems, and leaves. • Vascular plants have true roots, stems, and leaves, which contain 2 tissues that transport food and water, these tissues are known as xylem and phloem. • Angiosperms are flowering plants that produce seeds enclosed in a fruit.

10. Kingdom AnimaliaPgs. 436-438 • Unicellular or Multicellular? • Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic? • Autotroph, Heterotroph, or Both? • Explain why animal cells lack a cell wall. • It is easier to move materials with out a cell wall and animals have some sort of structural support other than a cell wall. • Collagen is a protein holds an animals skeleton together. • Identify, give at least 3 examples, and explain the 2 divisions of animals. • Vertebrates • Animals with backbones and internal skeletons • Examples include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. • Invertebrates • Animals without a backbone • Examples include insects, shellfish, and sponges.

11. Explain and give an example of radial symmetry • Radial symmetry is symmetry arranged around a central axis. They have no left or right side but do have a top and a bottom. • Animals with radial symmetry include starfish, jellyfish, and sea anemones. • Explain and give an example of bilateral symmetry • Bilateral symmetry is found in animals with a distinct right and left side which are mirror images of each other. Animals with bilateral symmetry include worms, mollusks, arthropods, and all vertebrates.

12. Identify the 3 types of tissue, and where are they located. (ex. Ectoderm: outermost layer) • Ectoderm is the outermost tissue • Endoderm is the innermost layer that lines the internal cavity • Mesoderm is the middle layer that develops into muscle tissue and organs. • Most animals reproduce sexually(sexually or asexually?)