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Earth Systems 3209

Earth Systems 3209. Reference: Chapters 21; Appendix A & B. Unit: 5 Earth’s Resources. Unit 5: Topic 3.2 . Phases of Petroleum. Focus on . . . identifying and describing the three phases involved in the evolution of petroleum. Phases Involved in the Evolution of Petroleum.

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Earth Systems 3209

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  1. Earth Systems 3209 Reference: Chapters 21; Appendix A & B Unit: 5Earth’s Resources

  2. Unit 5: Topic 3.2 Phases of Petroleum Focus on . . . • identifying and describing the three phases involved in the evolution of petroleum.

  3. Phases Involved in the Evolution of Petroleum • Kerogen is a solid waxy mixture of organic matter in sediments from which petroleum is released. • Three phases in the evolution of organic matter to petroleum include: • Diagenesis • Catagenesis • Metagenesis

  4. Phases Involved in the Evolution of Petroleum • Diagenesis • During diagenesis there is shallow burial of organic matter at near normal temperature and pressure as well as some decay. • Methane, carbon dioxide, and water are released leaving behind the complex hydrocarbon called kerogen.

  5. Phases Involved in the Evolution of Petroleum • Catagenesis • Deeper burial results in increased temperature and pressure. • Petroleum is released from the kerogen . • First oil is released (2-3 km depth) and second gas is released (3-5 km depth).

  6. Phases Involved in the Evolution of Petroleum • Metagenesis • The metagenesis phase involves even higher temperature and pressure verging on metamorphism. • The only hydrocarbon that is released during this phase is methane (Gas). • At this point the petroleum has matured enough to migrate to traps.

  7. Example 1: Which is the correct order for the evolution of organic matter to petroleum? (A) catagenesis - diagenesis - metagenesis (B) catagenesis - metagenesis - diagenesis (C) diagenesis - catagenesis - metagenesis (D) diagenesis - metagenesis - catagenesis

  8. Example 2: Which step in the development of a petroleum deposit involves the formation of kerogen? A) diagenesis B) cataenesis C) metagenesis D) orogenesis

  9. Your Turn . . . Take the time and complete the following questions . . .(Solutions to follow) Questions: • During which phase in the evolution of petroleum is only methane gas released and the temperature and pressure conditions the highest? • A) catagenesis • B) cracking • C) metagenesis • D) reforming

  10. Solutions . . . Questions: • During which phase in the evolution of petroleum is only methane gas released and the temperature and pressure conditions the highest? • A) catagenesis • B) cracking • C) metagenesis • D) reforming

  11. Summary . . . Overview of Points covered: Kerogen • is a solid waxy mixture of organic matter in sediments from which petroleum is released. Three phases in the evolution of organic matter to petroleum include: • Diagenesis • Catagenesis • Metagenesis

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