English 10 Grammar & Writing #6 Mr. Rinka

1. English 10 Grammar & Writing #6Mr. Rinka Spelling Rules Pt. 1 & TOEFL Vocabulary List #1 http://www.southampton.liunet.edu/academic/pau/course/webword.htm

2. Spelling Rule #1 Write iewhen the sound is long e, except after c. achieve ceiling field piece shield believe chief grief receive thief brief deceit niece relief yield Exceptions: either leisure neither seize weird

3. Spelling Rule #2 Write eiwhen the sound is not long e. counterfeit height reign foreign heir veil forfeit neighbor weigh Exceptions: ancient friend mischief conscience kerchief view

4. Ie or ei ach--ve c--ling f--ld p--ce sh--ldbel--vech--f gr--f rec--veth--f br--f dec--t n--cerel--f y--ldkerch--f v--w w--rd h--ght r--gn for--gn h--r v--l forf--t w--gh n--ghbor w--ghtanc--ntfr--ndmisch--f --ther l--sure n--ther s--ze w--rd

5. Answers achieve ceiling field piece shield believe chief grief receive thief brief deceit niece relief yield kerchief view weird height reign foreign heir veil forfeit weigh neighbor weight ancient friend mischief either leisure neither seize weird

6. Spelling Rule #3 -cede, -ceed, &-sede Only the word “supersede”ends in –sede. Only “exceed,” “proceed,” and “succeed” end in –ceed. All other words with this sound end in –cede. accede intercede recede concede precede secede

7. Spelling Rule #4 When a prefix is added to a word, the spelling of the original word remains the same. im + possible = impossible mis + spell = misspell un + happy = unhappy over + rule = overrule

8. Spelling Rule #5 When the suffix –ness or –lyis added to a word, the spelling of the original word remains the same. sure + ly = surely real =ly= really Exceptions: Words ending in y usually change the y to I when adding –ness or –ly. empty + ness = emptiness easy + ly = easily

9. You Spell It ! im + possible = mis+ spell = un+ happy = over+ rule = sure + ly = real =ly= empty + ness = easy + ly=

10. Answers im + possible = impossible mis + spell = misspell un + happy = unhappy over + rule = overrule sure + ly = surely real =ly= really empty + ness = emptiness easy + ly = easily

11. Spelling Rule #5 (cont.) Most one-syllable adjectives ending in y follow Rule #5 dry + ness = dryness sly + ly = slyly However, “true,” “due,” and “whole” drop the final e before –ly. true + ly = truly due + ly = duly whole + ly = wholly

12. Spelling Rule #6 Drop the final silent e before adding a suffix that begins with a vowel. hope + ing = hoping strange + est = strangest noble + er = nobler admire + ation = admiration tickle + ish=ticklish move + able =movable

13. You Try It ! true + ly = due + ly = whole + ly = hope + ing = strange + est = noble + er = admire + ation = tickle+ ish= move+ able =

14. Answers true + ly = truly due + ly = duly whole + ly = wholly hope + ing = hoping strange + est = strangest noble + er = nobler admire + ation = admiration tickle + ish=ticklish move + able =movable

15. Spelling Rule #6 (cont.) Exceptions: Keep the final e -in words ending in ce or ge before a suffix that begins with a or o: peace + able + peaceable knowledge + able = knowledgeable courage + ous = courageous outrage + ous = outrageous

16. Spelling Rule #6 (cont.) Keep the final e - in dye and, before –ingin singe: dye + ing = dyeing singe + ing = singeing - in mile before –age: mile + age = mileage

17. You Try It ! peace + able= knowledge + able = courage + ous = outrage + ous = dye + ing = singe + ing = mile + age=

18. Answers peace + able + peaceable knowledge + able = knowledgeable courage + ous = courageous outrage + ous = outrageous dye + ing = dyeing singe + ing = singeing mile + age = mileage

19. Spelling Rule #7 Keep the final e before adding a suffix that begins with a consonant. nine + ty = ninety entire + ly = entirely hope + ful= hopeful awe + some = awesome care + less = careless pave + ment = pavement

20. Spelling Rule #7 (cont.) Exceptions: nine + th= ninth awe + ful= awful judge + ment= judgment argue + ment= argument

21. You Try It ! nine + ty= entire + ly = hope + ful= awe + some = care + less = pave + ment = nine + th= awe + ful= judge + ment= argue + ment=

22. Answers nine + ty = ninety entire + ly = entirely hope + ful= hopeful awe + some = awesome care + less = careless pave + ment = pavement nine + th= ninth awe + ful= awful judge + ment= judgment argue + ment= argument

23. Spelling Rule #8 When a word ends in y that has a consonant before it, change the y to an i and add the suffix unless the suffix begins with an i. fifty + eth = fiftieth mystery + ous = mysterious worry + ed = worried terrify + ing = terrifying

24. Spelling Rule #8 (cont.) Exceptions: Some one-syllable words: shy + ness= shyness sky + ward= skyward lady and baby with suffixes lady + like = ladylike baby + hood = babyhood

25. You Try It ! fifty + eth = mystery + ous = worry + ed = terrify + ing = shy + ness= sky + ward= lady + like = baby + hood=

26. Answers fifty + eth = fiftieth mystery + ous = mysterious worry + ed = worried terrify + ing = terrifying shy + ness= shyness sky + ward= skyward lady + like = ladylike baby + hood = babyhood

27. Spelling Rule #9 When a word ends in y with a vowel before it, simply add the suffix. joy + ful = joyful boy + hood = boyhood gray + est = grayest Exceptions: day + ly = daily pay + ed = paid say + ed = said lay + ed = laid

28. Spelling Rule #10 When a word ends in a consonant, double the final consonant before a suffix that begins with a vowel only if the word has only one syllable or is accented on the last syllable and ends in a single consonant that has a single vowel before it.

29. Spelling Rule #10 (cont.) drop + ing = dropping occur + ence = occurrence plan +ed = planned propel + er = propeller sit + ing = sitting refer + ed = referrred

30. You Try It ! day + ly= pay + ed = say + ed= lay + ed = drop + ing = occur + ence= plan +ed = propel + er = sit + ing = refer + ed=

31. Answers day + ly = daily pay + ed = paid say + ed = said lay + ed = laid drop + ing = dropping occur + ence = occurrence plan +ed = planned propel + er = propeller sit + ing = sitting refer + ed = referrred

32. Spelling Rule #10 (cont.) Otherwise, simply add the suffix jump + ed = jumped tunnel + ing = tunneling sprint + er = sprinter appear + ance = appearance Some words can double or not. travel + er = traveler or traveller shovel +ing= shoveling or shovelling

33. You Try It ! jump + ed = tunnel + ing = sprint + er = appear + ance = travel + er = shovel +ing=

34. Answers jump + ed = jumped tunnel + ing = tunneling sprint + er = sprinter appear + ance = appearance travel + er = traveler or traveller shovel +ing= shoveling or shovelling

35. TOEFL Vocabulary List #1 The following is a list of vocabulary words that often appear on the TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) test. http://www.southampton.liunet.edu/academic/pau/course/webword.htm

36. TOEFL Vocabulary #1http://www.southampton.liunet.edu/academic/pau/course/webword.htm react(verb): to act in response to something re (back) +act(do) How did he react when he heard the news?

37. TOEFL Vocabulary #1http://www.southampton.liunet.edu/academic/pau/course/webword.htm agent(noun): something which acts or acts upon something else ag (do, act) + ent (n. act) The travel agent helped her purchase the tickets.

38. TOEFL Vocabulary #1http://www.southampton.liunet.edu/academic/pau/course/webword.htm active(adjective): involving movement, moving about act (do, act) + ive (adj. having the quality) Joan is an active child.

39. TOEFL Vocabulary #1http://www.southampton.liunet.edu/academic/pau/course/webword.htm agitate(verb): to excite, to disturb, to stir up agit (do, act) + ate (v. cause to be) The washing machine agitates the load of laundry.

40. TOEFL Vocabulary #1http://www.southampton.liunet.edu/academic/pau/course/webword.htm audible(adjective): can be heard aud (hear) + ible(adj. ability) Your voice is barely audible over the sound of the train whistle.

41. TOEFL Vocabulary #1http://www.southampton.liunet.edu/academic/pau/course/webword.htm auditorium(noun): a place where one goes to hear something audit (hear) + orium(n. the place) The band played in the school auditorium.

42. TOEFL Vocabulary #1http://www.southampton.liunet.edu/academic/pau/course/webword.htm auricular(adjective): related to the sense of hearing or the ear aur (to hear) +ic(adj. quality) +  ul  + ar (adj. related to) The auricular ability of the cat is well-known.

43. TOEFL Vocabulary #1http://www.southampton.liunet.edu/academic/pau/course/webword.htm amorous(adjective): loving amor (love, like) + ous (adj. having the quality) The actor played an amorous role.

44. TOEFL Vocabulary #1http://www.southampton.liunet.edu/academic/pau/course/webword.htm amiable(adjective) friendly, agreeable ami (love, like) + able (adj. worth, ability) He seems to be an amiable man.

45. TOEFL Vocabulary #1http://www.southampton.liunet.edu/academic/pau/course/webword.htm amicable(adjective): friendly amic (love, like) + able (adj. worth, ability) The two neighbors came to an amicable decision about the fence.

46. TOEFL Vocabulary #1http://www.southampton.liunet.edu/academic/pau/course/webword.htm animal(noun): a living creature anim (mind, life, spirit, anger) + al (n. action, result of action) A dog is an animal.

47. TOEFL Vocabulary #1http://www.southampton.liunet.edu/academic/pau/course/webword.htm animate(verb): to give spirit or support, to supply movement anim (mind, life, spirit, anger) + ate (v. cause to be) The artist animated the cartoon.

48. Flashcard Machine http://www.flashcardmachine.com/p/w9t4r2

49. English 10 Grammar & Writing #6Mr. Rinka Spelling Rules Pt. 1 & TOEFL Vocabulary List #1 http://www.southampton.liunet.edu/academic/pau/course/webword.htm