What is Material Handling?

1. What is Material Handling? • Materials handling is the science and art both involving the moving, packing and storing of substance in any form, and includes the preparation, placing and positioning the material to facilitate their movement or storage. MH...CH07.....LECT01

2. What is Material Handling? (IMMS) International Materials Management Society defines the materials handling as: “Materials handling is an art and science involving the materials, packaging, and storing of substances in any form ". MH...CH07.....LECT01

3. INTRODUCTION Basic function of materials handling is the movement of material. Industrial revolution in late 18th and early 19th centuries, developed the need of materials handling from factory system. The industries, supermarket, offices, construction projects and the banks - all are engaged in moving things. In early days man was physically handling the material, however, over a period of years, he has started applying mechanical principles like lever, wheel, pulley etc. Cont…... MH...CH07.....LECT01

4. Materials handling generally adds significant element of cost to a product. • Materials handling generally costs between 20 to 35% of the cost of the product. • Earlier, it was a general belief that most of this cost is inevitable and can not be easily avoided. • But now-a-days need for reduction in material handling costs through systems approach is being realized. • Not only cost, majority of production time is also consumed in handling material before, during and after the manufacture. Cont…... MH...CH07.....LECT01

5. The materials handling time and cost can be reduced by proper selection, operation, maintenance and layout of these handling devices. • Materials handling is a prime consideration in designing new plants, • Existing plants can also be modified by the application of modern materials handling devices. These devices increase output, improve quality, speed up the deliveries and therefore, reduces the production cost. MH...CH07.....LECT01

6. Materials handling : MH...CH07.....LECT01

7. Movement : • Materials handling involves movements of materials mechanically or manually in batches or one by one within the plant. • Movement of materials may be horizontal, vertical or combination of both. • Primary concern of materials handling engineer is to find out most efficient manner as to how raw materials reach operator and how finished or processed articles are removed from the work station. • And also concerned to find out as to how parts, materials, and finished products must be moved from location to location. MH...CH07.....LECT01

8. Time : • Materials must arrive at its place at right time. • Materials handling must ensure that no production process or customer (internal as well as external) need is hampered due to late or early arrival of material at each location. MH...CH07.....LECT01

9. Quantity : • Materials handling must ensure that each location continually receives the right quantity of materials. MH...CH07.....LECT01

10. Space : • Space requirements are influenced by the materials handling flow pattern. • Space is required for storage of raw materials, parts and semi-finished or finished products, MH...CH07.....LECT01

11. Inefficient Materials Handling Reasons: • Back-tracking in material flow. • Congested aisles. • Bottlenecks or hindrances in material flow. • Disorganized storage or piled up material on floor. • Excessive movement. MH...CH07.....LECT01

12. Good Handling System Advantages: • Better use of the floor space and facilities. • Increased production due to reduced manufacturing cycle time and faster movement of materials. • Reduced materials handling time and indirect labor cost. • Improved inventory control. • Less fatigue of workers. • Reduced inventory in process. Cont….. MH...CH07.....LECT01

13. Greater industrial safety and elimination of accident potential and disruption of work • Better working conditions. • Better protection of materials being handled. • Help in manufacturing the quality standards. • Improved moral of workers. • Reduced cost of transportation. MH...CH07.....LECT01

14. MATERIAL HANDLING COST Materials handling includes following costs : • Materials handling cost = cost of handling + cost of transportation + cost of packaging + cost of space + cost of handling equipment including operation, maintenance and depreciation etc. MH...CH07.....LECT01

15. In any industry materials handling is of following three types: • handling of individual part or unit by men, • handling in room, department, or plant Cont….. MH...CH07.....LECT01

16. handling of materials during the entire process of production and distribution, starting from raw material source, going through the factory and distribution network to the ultimate customer and beyond, to waste disposal and recycling. As shown below; Raw material —» Supplier —> Transportation —> Receiving -> Storing —> Issue —» Manufacturing or fabrication -> Packaging —> Shipping —»Dealer or Distributors warehouse —> Retailers —> Customer - Disposal —» Recycling MH...CH07.....LECT01

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