Haiti Earthquake

1. 12th January 2010 7 on richter scale Geography Revision@Penrice Haiti Earthquake $100 million in aid given by the USA $330 million by the European Union 1 million people 1 year on still lived in camps! 316,000 people were killed 1 million people were made homeless. 3 million people were affected by the earthquake 80% of people live on less than $2 a day!

2. Haiti Earthquake …...th January 2……… … on richter scale Geography Revision@Penrice $.... million in aid given by the USA $.... million by the European Union ...million people ... year on still lived in camps! ………..people were killed ………...people were made homeless. ……….. people were affected by the earthquake …….of people live on less than …...a day!

3. Geography Revision@Penrice New Zealand Earthquake 2011 Feb 6.3 on richter scale 80% of city was without electricity 183 people were killed 2000 people injured 50% of the central buildings were damaged. Areas were zoned by colour to categorise cost of repair Liquifaction caused damage to raods and buildings. $898 million paid out in insurance claims

4. Geography Revision@Penrice New Zealand Earthquake …..Feb …..on richter scale ….. of city was without electricity ….people were killed …... people injured ……. of the central buildings were damaged. Areas were zoned by……….to……. ……………..caused damage to raods and buildings. ……. million paid out in insurance claims

5. Tropical Storm Haiyan November 2nd-5th 2013 It was one of the strongest tropical cyclones ever recorded with winds of 313 km/h. In some areas, 282 mm of rainfall was recorded, much of which fell in under 12 hours. Waves of up to 7 m in height battered the coast. 7500 people were killed and 9 million injured 1.9 million displaced 71,000 hectares of farmland affected Tacloban city government from 2,500 to only 70! 30,000 boats were destroyed so fishing industry declined. The UK government provided food, shelter, clean water, medicine and other supplies for up to 800,000 victims. The United Nations launched an international aid appeal in December 2013 for £480 million to finance the humanitarian relief effort for 2014.

6. Tropical Storm Haiyan November ……………. It was one of the strongest tropical cyclones ever recorded with winds of …….. In some areas, ……..mm of rainfall was recorded, much of which fell in under…….... ………... of up to ……... in height battered the coast. …….. people were killed and ... million injured …... million displaced ………. hectares of farmland affected Tacloban city government from 2,500 to only 70! ………. boats were destroyed so fishing industry declined. The …….government provided food, shelter, clean water, medicine and other supplies for up to ……………. victims. The United Nations launched an international aid appeal in December 2013 for £………….. to finance the humanitarian relief effort for 2014.

7. UK Extreme weather events Evidence the weather is getting more extreme. Other events to note! Boscastle Flood 2004. Over 60 mm of rainfall (typically a month's rainfall) fell in two hours. In summer 2003 Europe suffered from an intense heat wave. In the UK the temperature of 38.5°C was the highest ever to be recorded. The St. Jude storm was a huge LOW PRESSURE DEPRESSION that struck the UK between 27th and 28th of October 2013 before going on to affect other parts of Northwest Europe. It caused 17 deaths across Europe Winds were enhanced by a sting jet – where cooled air rapidly descends from the upper atmosphere A double-decker bus with two passengers on board was blown over and in Devon a wind turbine was blown over. Major disruption was caused by loss of power supplies, and more than 850,000 homes lost power in the UK at some point.

8. UK Extreme weather events Evidence the weather is getting more extreme. Other events to note! Boscastle Flood 2004. Over ……..mm of rainfall (typically a month's rainfall) fell in …….hours. In summer ……….Europe suffered from an intense heat wave. In the UK the temperature of …………..was the highest ever to be recorded. The St. Jude storm was a huge ……………………………….that struck the UK between ……………….before going on to affect other parts of Northwest Europe. It caused ... deaths across Europe Winds were enhanced by a ………….– where cooled air rapidly descends from the upper atmosphere A double-decker bus with two passengers on board was blown over and in Devon a …………….was blown over. Major disruption was caused by loss of power supplies, and more than ………..homes lost power in the UK at some point.

9. Farming: The Brazilian region of Mato Grosso was affected by deforestation from subsistence farming in the 1980s and 1990s. 43% of rainforest losses were in this region, and area almost ½ the size of France. It has been replaced by fields for grain, palm oil and cattle. Living World Tropical Rainforest Amazon Roads: The Trans Amazonian Highway has already opened up large parts of the forest and now a new road is going to be paved, the BR163 is a road that runs 1700km from Cuiaba to Santarem. It is home to 1000 species of bird and 60,000 species of plants such as black spider monkey 10 million species of insects live in the Amazon It is home to 20 million people, who use the wood, cut down trees for farms and for cattle. The Amazon is home to almost 20% of species on Earth Solution: Selective logging - trees are only felled when they reach a particular height. This allows young trees a guaranteed life span and the forest will regain full maturity after around 30-50 years. The Amazon helps a Newly Emerging Economy(NEE), Brazil, to make money. They build roads into the forest, logging firms then go in and take out valuable hardwoods such as mahogany and cedar, worth thousands of pounds in richer economies like Europe. Then farmers, often cattle ranchers from big companies, burn the rest to make way for cattle pasture. 75% of cleared areas are used in this way. The Belo Monte dam The International Tropical Timber Agreementwas set up in 2006 to ensure international trade in tropical timber comes from sustainably managed and legally harvested forests. 71 countries have signed up to the agreement sponsored by the United Nations.

10. Farming: The Brazilian region of Mato Grosso was affected by deforestation from subsistence farming in the 1980s and 1990s. 43% of rainforest losses were in this region, and area almost ½ the size of France. It has been replaced by fields for …………………………………………………….. Living World Tropical Rainforest Amazon Roads: The …………………...Highway has already opened up large parts of the forest and now a new road is going to be paved, the BR163 is a road that runs …………...from Cuiaba to Santarem. It is home to …....species of bird and ……….species of plants such as …………………………….. 10 million species of insects live in the Amazon It is home to …………………….who use the wood, cut down trees for farms and for cattle. The Amazon is home to almost…...% of species on Earth Solution: ………………………….- trees are only felled when they reach a particular height. This allows young trees a guaranteed life span and the forest will regain full maturity after around 30-50 years. The Amazon helps a Newly Emerging Economy(NEE), Brazil, to make money. They build roads into the forest, logging firms then go in and take out valuable hardwoods such as…………………………………………………..., worth thousands of pounds in richer economies like Europe. Then farmers, often cattle ranchers from big companies, burn the rest to make way for cattle pasture. ………...of cleared areas are used in this way. The ………………..dam The ………………………………………………………………………………….was set up in 2006 to ensure international trade in tropical timber comes from sustainably managed and legally harvested forests. ……..countries have signed up to the agreement sponsored by the United Nations.

11. In the Solomon Islands, natural forests have been logged so uncontrollably that exports are expected to cease by around 2015. Local communities have long relied on logging as their only source of income The Living World Tropical Rainforest Solomon Islands $730 GDP, making this the poorest country in the Pacific region. Pacific Bauxite has a strong commitment to the environment and the community on Nendo, in particular around health, education and future sustainable economic development. Red Knobbed Imperial Pigeon, Solomon Eagle and the Monkey Faced bat are at risk! Slash and burn has been used to clear rainforest so that local people can have subsistence farms. Pacific Bauxite: Australian mining company is accused of tricking communities into signing over prospecting rights to their land. Isabel Sustainable Logging uses selective logging to ensure local people add value to trees by selecting valuable trees and turning them into planks.

12. In the Solomon Islands, natural forests have been logged so uncontrollably that exports are expected to cease by around 2015. Local communities have long relied on logging as their only source of income The Living World Tropical Rainforest Solomon Islands $. ….GDP, making this the poorest country in the Pacific region. Pacific Bauxite has a strong commitment to the environment and the community on Nendo, in particular around ……………………………………………………………………………... ……………………..Solomon Eagle and the …………………….are at risk! ……………….has been used to clear rainforest so that local people can have subsistence farms. …………………..Australian mining company is accused of tricking communities into signing over prospecting rights to their land. Isabel Sustainable Logging uses ……………………….to ensure local people add value to trees by selecting valuable trees and turning them into planks.

13. Hot Deserts Opportunities and Challenges: Sahel and Mojave ACACIA TREES The project was set up in Senegal ,2004 with the goal of helping people to plant and manage of acacia forests in an effort to halt desertification, while helping villages in at-risk areas. As well as providing foliage for animals and fuel for cooking, the trees also produce arabic gum, which is a product that is used in the food and pharmaceuticals industries Sahel: Human activities such as overgrazing, over cultivation and the collection of firewood can lead to desertification, particularly when combined with drought conditions. The result is crop failure, soil erosion, famine and hunger. In Niger in 2004, the situation was made worse when a plague of locusts consumed any remaining crops. Solutions: The Great Green Wall is an African-led project with an epic ambition: to grow an 8,000km natural wonder of the world across the entire width of Africa. Its goal is to provide food, jobs and a future for the millions of people who live in a region on the frontline of climate change. Lake Chad is shrinking! Mojave: Challenge LAKE MEAD shrinking, only 36% of storage capacity! Mojave: 650,000 people live in the desert. In addition the Mojave desert is used by: • tourists - visiting areas such as Death Valley • military, as they test out airplanes and train troops • hikers and rock climbers • off-road vehicles - including quad bikes and motorcycles making use of the varied terrain, solar and wind energy generation, filmmakers, attracted by the scenery

14. Hot Deserts Opportunities and Challenges: Sahel and Mojave ACACIA TREES The project was set up in …………...,2004 with the goal of helping people to plant and manage of acacia forests in an effort to halt desertification, while helping villages in at-risk areas. As well as providing foliage for animals and fuel for cooking, the trees also produce………………., which is a product that is used in the food and pharmaceuticals industries Sahel: Human activities such as………………..., over cultivation and the collection of firewood can lead to……………………., particularly when combined with drought conditions. The result is crop failure, …………………..., famine and hunger. In Niger in 2004, the situation was made worse when a plague of locusts consumed any remaining crops. Solutions: The …………………………….is an African-led project with an epic ambition: to grow an ……..km natural wonder of the world across the entire width of Africa. Its goal is to provide food, jobs and a future for the millions of people who live in a region on the frontline of climate change. Lake ……...is shrinking! Mojave: Challenge LAKE MEAD shrinking, only …….of storage capacity! Mojave: ………………….people live in the desert. In addition the Mojave desert is used by: • tourists - visiting areas such as …………………... • military, as they test out airplanes and train troops • hikers and rock climbers • off-road vehicles - including quad bikes and motorcycles making use of the varied terrain, solar and wind energy generation,...................s, attracted by the scenery