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Understanding Maps and Compass Roses for Geography Enthusiasts

Learn about compass roses, latitude, longitude, legends, and more to navigate the world of maps with ease. Discover the basics of absolute and relative locations, grid systems, and essential map features.

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Understanding Maps and Compass Roses for Geography Enthusiasts

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  1. Map Components • Compass Rose – Shows True North. Can be very ornate sometime appearing as a rose. Other compass roses can be as simple as an arrow with the letter “N” for North N

  2. WHERE ARE THE COMPASS ROSES?

  3. IS THIS MAP WRONG?

  4. Why do most maps have Africa centered? • The Prime Meridian is actually centered on Greenwich, England • Scientist from an English observatory first conceptualized the grid system

  5. Legends / Keys – are symbols used to explain the multiple features of a map.

  6. Scale – Converts comparative distance from actual measurement to one corresponding the much smaller map. Scales will often show distance converting miles and kilometers (KM).

  7. Latitude – (Also called PARALLELS) are imaginary lines on a map going east and west. These lines are used for measuring distances NORTH and SOUTH of the EQUATOR. These lines measure 90 degrees north and south of the equator (there are 180 degrees total). High Latitudes Arctic Circle 66 1/2°N Mid Latitudes Tropic of Cancer 23 1/2°N Low Latitudes Equator 0 degrees Tropic of Capricorn 23 1/2°S Mid Latitudes Antarctic Circle 66 1/2°S High Latitudes

  8. 90° Latitudes Not about top and bottom, it’s about the number of the latitude degree If it is a large number of degree (60-90) it will be high latitudes. If it is a small degree (0-30 it will be low latitudes. High Latitudes 60° Mid Latitudes 30° Low Latitudes AKA - Tropics 30° Mid Latitudes 60° High Latitudes 90°

  9. Longitude – (Also called Meridians) are imaginary lines on a map passing through the north and south poles. These lines are used for measuring distances EAST and WEST of the PRIME MERIDIAN. These lines measure 180 degrees west and east of the Primer Meridian (there are 360 degrees total).

  10. Hemisphere – divides the Earth into two halves. The Prime Meridian divides the Earth into a Eastern and Western hemisphere and the Equator divides the Earth into a Northern and Southern hemisphere.

  11. Grid System – series of intersecting lines of Latitude and Longitude on a map used for plotting Absolute Location. Two ways to get Absolute Location 1. Potting Latitude and Longitude 2. Address

  12. Location – Where something is • Relative Location – Where is something in relationship to something else. • Example: My window is across the street from Subway. • Can you find that on a map? • Absolute Location – There is no question about where it is. It can be “pen pointed.” • Example • Address • Plotting Latitude and Longitude.

  13. EAGLES 0 10 20 30 40 50 40 30 20 10 0 LOSERS

  14. NORTH 50 40 30 20 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 SOUTH

  15. 50 10 30 40 20 30 10 40 20 LOSERS EAGLES

  16. 0 40 20 10 30 50 50 20 40 10 30 EAST WEST

  17. GRID SYSTEM NORTH 20 10 0 10 20 E A S T W E S T 20 10 0 10 20 20 10 0 10 20 20 10 0 10 20 SOUTH

  18. GRID SYSTEM 20 10 0 10 20 20 10 0 10 20 20 10 0 10 20 20 10 0 10 20

  19. A – 60 degrees North, 90 degrees West B – 0 degrees, 150 degrees West C – 30 degrees South, 60 West D – 60 degrees South, 60 degrees East E – 30 degrees North, 150 degrees East F – 50 degrees North, 70 degrees East

  20. Grid system Label degrees of Latitude in increments of 30 Label degrees of Longitude increments of 60. Continents (label all 7 ) Oceans (label all four) Compass rose Legend / Key (continent, grid) Equator Prime Meridian International Dateline Tropic of Cancer 23 1/2°N Tropic of Capricorn23 1/2°S Arctic Circle 66 1/2°N Antarctic Circle 66 1/2° S Scale (10° Longitude = 70miles) You will have a freehand World Map Quiz (spelling will count) on the date listed on the board. The following will be required:

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