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Institute of Occupational Safety and Health

Institute of Occupational Safety and Health. Permit-Required Confined Spaces 29 CFR 1910.146. FY-11 OSHA Susan Harwood Grant Program.

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Institute of Occupational Safety and Health

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  1. Institute of Occupational Safety and Health Permit-Required Confined Spaces29 CFR 1910.146

  2. FY-11 OSHA Susan Harwood Grant Program This material was produced under grant number SH22297-SH1 from OSHA. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

  3. Objectives • Students will: • Identify confined spaces • Differentiate between a confined space and a permit-required confined space • Describe atmospheric and physical hazards • Summarize protection controls for yourself and other workers

  4. Definition of a Confined Space • Confined Space is a space that: • Large enough for an employee to enter and perform assigned work • Limited or restricted means for entry or exit (For example: tanks, vessels, silos, pits, vaults, hoppers) • Not designed for continuous occupancy

  5. Permit-Required Spaces • Chemical storage tanks • Waste or storage pits • Grain bins • Underground tunnels • Railroad cars under construction

  6. Let’s Analyze…….. Domino Affect • One worker gets in trouble • The next worker goes to help • A third worker goes to help...

  7. Recognize and Identify Hazards • In addition to being able to recognize confined spaces: • A worker must also be able to identify hazards that may be encountered in confined space operations. • These hazards include: • Atmospheric hazards • Physical hazards

  8. Permit-Required Confined Space Atmospheric Hazards • Atmospheric Hazards • Oxygen deficiency (19.5% or less) • Oxygen enrichment (23.5% or higher) • Flammable gases or vapors • Combustible dusts • Toxic gases

  9. Confined Space Atmospheric Hazards • "Oxygen deficient atmosphere“ an atmosphere containing less than 19.5 percent oxygen by volume.

  10. Confined Space Atmospheric Hazards • "Oxygen enriched atmosphere“ an atmosphere containing more than 23.5 percent oxygen by volume.

  11. Confined Space Atmospheric Hazards • Flammable gases or vapors

  12. Confined Space Atmospheric Hazards • Combustible dusts materials, such as: • Wood • Metal • Grain • Can all be fuel for powerful explosions • http://www.osha.gov/dts/shib/shib073105.html

  13. Confined Space Atmospheric Hazards • Three Most Common Toxic Gases • Carbon Monoxide, CO • Hydrogen Sulfide, H2S • Methane, CH4 • Be aware of any chemicals used in or generated by your specific industry. • Cleaning solvents and residues remaining in vessels can also be dangerous.

  14. Confined Space Physical Hazards • Engulfment surround and encapsulate the entrant by a liquid or substance • May cause death by suffocation, constriction, or crushing National AG Safety Database

  15. Confined Space Physical Hazards • Physical hazards • A thermal hazard is a dangerous condition caused by excessive heat or cold or a hot surface. • A confined space entry permit must address any hazards from heat or cold within confined spaces.

  16. Confined Physical Space Hazards • Other Physical hazards • Snakes • Spiders • Poor lighting • Obstructions • Trips / falls • Wet surfaces • Electrical Shock

  17. Controls for Atmospheric Hazards • Use of less toxic products that vaporize less readily • Ventilation helps to: • Provide adequate oxygen to the air in the space. • Control atmospheric contaminants • Prevent fire and explosion hazards • Control heat and humidity

  18. Controls for Atmospheric Hazards • Proper Ventilation • Initial determination • After Beginning ventilation • Once entry and work starts

  19. Controls for Atmospheric Hazards • Respiratory protection • An emergency exists and entry cannot be delayed. Assume that an IDLH atmosphere exists. • There is an inert atmosphere or testing shows that an IDLH exists • • Current testing indicates atmosphere to be safe, but unsafe conditions could reasonably be expected to develop at any time.

  20. Atmospheric Testing 29 CFR 1910.146 app B • Check for oxygen • 19.5 – 23.5 • Check for Combustible • LEL • Toxic gases and vapors

  21. Confined Space Atmospheric Testing DVD Coastal DVD: www.coastal.com

  22. NOTICE!!! • Any time the established limits are exceeded no matter what the reason, all personnel shall immediately exit the space, and no others shall enter until atmospheric conditions are returned to safe levels. NO EXCEPTIONS!!!

  23. Controls for Physical Hazards • Isolate equipment • Identifying potential mechanical hazards • De-energizing of all energy sources • Lock out / tag out all electrical circuits and valves • Blocking equipment that could have stored energy • Guard or remove equipment from the area • Complete all Isolation procedures

  24. Controls for Physical Hazards • Electrical Shocks • Inspect all electrical equipment and circuits • Use ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCI) • De-energize circuits and implement lockout/tagout • Use only explosion-proof equipment and spark-proof tools where required. • Ensure that all electrical parts are properly covered, protected, and maintained.

  25. Controls for Physical Hazards • Safeguards can be used to protect from pressurized lines, ducts, or pipes • Blanking or blinding • Double block and bleed

  26. Physical Hazard controls • Safeguard against engulfment • Remove material prior to entry • Institute isolation procedures to keep out any potential hazardous substances • Wear full body harnesses and retrieval lines • Allow entry only if entrant can be rapidly pulled out

  27. Physical Hazard Controls • Prevent slips, trips and falls • Good house keeping • Practice ladder safety • Fall arrest equipment is in good working order

  28. Effective Communication • Signs • Face to Face • Verbal • Hand Signals • Radios • Hardwired Systems • Rope System • OATH …Okay, Advance, Take up slack, Help

  29. Respiratory Protective Equipment • Respirators may be required at times. • Employees must have complete training on the proper use of respirators.

  30. Emergency Rescue • An emergency in a confined space can kill an entrant in a matter of minutes • In-house rescue • Outside rescue

  31. Permit-Required Confined Spaces29 CFR 1910.146

  32. Summary • Discuss the various types of confined spaces • Distinguish the difference between a confined space and a permit-required confined space • Identify atmospheric and physical hazards • Describe safety measures for both atmospheric and physical hazards

  33. OSHA Contact Numbers To report Unsafe Working Conditions, Safety and Health Violations Contact OSHA @: 1-800-321-OSHA (6742) / TTY1-877-889-5627 To File a Complaint Form: To file an OSHA-7 report online, see how to file a complaint with OSHA (www.osha.gov) For more information regarding your rights, see Worker Rights

  34. Reference List • 29 CFR 1910.146 Permit Required Confined Spaces • Confined Space Rescue Operations Retrieved from: http://www.usfa.fema.gov/pdf/efop/efo30622.pdf

  35. Institute of Occupational Safety and Health Thank You IOSH Let’s not meet again . . . by accident!

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