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Judaism in the 21 st Century

Judaism in the 21 st Century. Jews and Culture in History. Most of Jewish history, Jews maintained independent identity Accomplished this in two ways Independent Nation Local communities set apart from main culture Conflict when came into contact with other cultures

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Judaism in the 21 st Century

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  1. Judaism in the 21st Century

  2. Jews and Culture in History • Most of Jewish history, Jews maintained independent identity • Accomplished this in two ways • Independent Nation • Local communities set apart from main culture • Conflict when came into contact with other cultures • This conflict is not unique to Judaism

  3. Enlightenment Period • 17th and 18th centuries • Mysticism and Religion being replaced with reason and science • Migration from rural farms to cities • How should Jews respond to changes Above picture shows the advances of industry, mass production, and efficient shipping. Left picture shows the novel Frankenstein, one of the fundamental questions author Shelley asks is how far should science go?

  4. Orthodox Judaism • Live by ancient Jewish laws • 613 Laws • Accept Torah written by Moses • Worship in Hebrew

  5. Hasidic Jews • Israel ben Eliezer • Large following in Eastern Europe • Emphasize Joy and Humility

  6. Conservative • Reaction to Reform Judaism • Worried reform movement no longer Jewish • Divine origins of Judaism, but humans help shape it too • Do not follow all 613 laws • Flexibility interpreting the law Application and interpretation of the law always requires a slick lawyer

  7. Reform Judaism • Originally developed in Germany • Wanted to partake in intellectual freedoms • Modern methods for looking at scripture (redaction criticism) • Services held in the vernacular • Female rabbis • Individualism

  8. Zionist Movement • Zionist theology existed in ancient world • Remerged in late 19th century • Gained momentum after the Holocaust (Shoah) • 1947, Israel re-established by U.N.

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