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MODERN CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 14 ACIDS AND BASES

MODERN CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 14 ACIDS AND BASES. Sections 1 -3 Properties of Acids & Bases Acid-Base Theories Acid-Base Reactions. Section 14.1. Properties of Acids & Bases. White Wine to Grape Juice. Properties of Acids. Insert Holt Modern Chemistry PowerPoint Disc. Properties of Acids.

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MODERN CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 14 ACIDS AND BASES

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  1. MODERN CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 14ACIDSANDBASES Sections 1 -3 Properties of Acids & Bases Acid-Base TheoriesAcid-Base Reactions Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  2. Section 14.1 Properties of Acids & Bases Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  3. White Wine to Grape Juice Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  4. Properties of Acids Insert Holt Modern Chemistry PowerPoint Disc Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  5. Properties of Acids • Sour taste • Change the color of acid-base indicators • React with metals to release hydrogen gas • React with bases to produce salt and water • Conduct electric current Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  6. Household Acids p. 467 Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  7. Acid Nomenclature • Binary acid – contains two elements • H & a higher electronegative element • Table on page 468 • Begin the name with “Hydro”then the name of the second elementthen “-ic” suffix Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  8. Acid Nomenclature • Oxyacid – contains hydrogen, oxygen and a third element, usually a nonmetal • Table on page 469 • Name is based on the polyatomic ion • -ic more oxygen (-ate) • -ous less oxygen (-ite) Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  9. Acid Nomenclature Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  10. Naming Oxyacids Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  11. Common Acids • Properties of Common Acids on page 470-471 • H2SO4 – Sulfuric Acid • HNO3 – Nitric Acid • H3PO4 – Phosphoric Acid • HCl – Hydrochloric Acid • HC2H3O2 – Acetic Acid Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  12. Voice-Activated Reaction Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  13. Hydrangea andAcid-Base Indicators Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  14. Household Acids & Bases Quick Lab on Page 472 McMurry Fay Disc 2 Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  15. Properties of Bases Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  16. Properties of Bases • Bitter taste • Change the color of acid-base indicators • Feels slippery • React with acids to produce salt and water • Conducts electricity Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  17. Household Bases p. 467 Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  18. Arrhenius Acid & Bases • Arrhenius Acid - A chemical compound that increases the concentration of hydrogen ion, H+, in aqueous solutions HCl (g) + H2O (l) H3O+(aq) + Cl-(aq) • H+ is equivalent to H3O+ • Aqueous acids and bases are electrolytes. Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  19. Proton, Hydrogen ion, Hydronium Hydrogen ion = H+ H+ = a proton H+ (or a proton), attached to a water molecule = H3O+ + - + “+” means the atom has lost one electron Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  20. Arrhenius Acid & Bases • Arrhenius Bases - A substance that increases the concentration of hydroxide, OH- in aqueous solutions NaOH (s) Na+(aq) + OH-(aq) NH3 (aq) + H2O (l) NH4+(aq) + OH-(aq) • Aqueous acids and bases are electrolytes. Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  21. Arrhenius Acids & Bases Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  22. Strong Acids • An acid that ionizes completely in aqueous solution. • STRONG ACID LIST • HCl hydrochloric acid • HI hydroiodic acid • HBr hydrobromic acid • H2SO4 sulfuric acid • HNO3 nitric acid • HClO3 chloric acid • HClO4 perchloric acid MEMORIZE! Insert Holt Disc 2 Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  23. Weak Acids • An acid that releases few hydrogen ions in aqueous solution. - Dissociates slightly • A reversible reaction in equilibrium • Organic Acids • Carboxyl Group - COOH Insert Holt Disc 2 Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  24. Weak Acids Acid Ionization Constant Ka CH3COOH(aq) + H2O(l)  CH3COO-(aq) + H3O+(aq) [CH3COO-] [H3O+] Ka = Keq = [CH3COOH] MORE dissociated  MORE products  HIGHER Ka  STRONGER acid LESS dissociated  FEWER products  LOWER Ka  WEAKER acid Chapter 18 Section 3 Eq. of Acids, Bases & Salts p. 605-6

  25. Strong and Weak Bases • Strong Bases – bases that dissociate completely – strong electrolytes • Formed from Group I & II metals • Weak Bases – bases that dissociate slightly – weak electrolytes • Example: Ammonia, NH3 • NH3 + H2O  NH4+ + OH- Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  26. Strong Acids & Bases p. 501 Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  27. Strong & Weak Acid & Base p. xx Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

  28. Ch 14 Sec 1 Homework Page 476 # 1-5 Chapter 14 Section 1 Properties of Acids-Bases p. 466-477

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