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Explore the diverse landforms, rivers, and mineral resources of Latin America, including the Andes Mountains, Amazon River, and valuable minerals like gold and silver. Discover the impact of climate and farming techniques on the region, as well as the growing cities and the practice of ecotourism. Learn about the Spanish conquest and the influence of the Spanish language and culture in Latin America.
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Latin America SSWG: 7
Mountains: Andes- Pacific Coast • Highlands: • Mountainous or hilly sections of the country • Guiana Highlands • Brazilian Highlands Landforms
Llanos: • Plains which are grassy and treeless • Columbia and Venezuela • Other Plains • Brazil cerrado • Savannahs with flat terrain and moderate rainfall Plains
Pampas: • Plains with grasslands and rich soil • Argentina and Uruguay • Amazon: • Largest river by volume • 4000 miles from west to east • Empties into Atlantic Ocean
Other Rivers • Orinoco- Venezuela • Parana River- origin is highlands of southern Brazil • Major Islands • Caribbean Islands • Greater Antilles (Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico and Hispaniola) • Lesser Antilles (Windward and Leeward Islands) • Bahamas
Mineral Resources: gold, silver, copper, Tin, coal page 204 • Energy Resources • Oil- Venezuela, Argentina and Mexico • Hydroelectric Power- Brazil • Natural gas- Trinidad Making Generalizations
Page 203 1-3 • 1. What is the relative location of the pampas in Latin America? South of MatoGrosso Plateau and Brazilian Highlands • 2. How would you describe the landforms of Mexico? Mountains and plains • 3. Which rivers empty into the Atlantic Ocean? Amazon, Parana, Orinoco River Map and Graph Skills
What are the three reasons for the variety of climate and vegetation found in Latin America? • 1. Great Distance (relation to the equator) • 2. Changes in elevation • 3. Warm currents in the Atlantic and Cold currents in the Pacific
What are eight sub-climate zones found in Latin America? • P. 207- 209 • Tropical Wet- rain forest • Tropical Wet and dry- savannas, grasslands • Semiarid- grass cover plains with little rain • Desert • Humid Subtropical • Mediterranean- Chilean coast • Marine West Coast- Chile and Argentina • Highlands- Andes Mountains Climate
Slash and burn- cut trees, brush and grasses and then burn the field to clear debris- ash is fertilizer destructive to environment-in tropics must rotate fields • Terraced farming- used to grow crops in hillsides or mountains • Reduced soil erosion Farming Techniques
List Six rapidly growing cities in South America • Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro---Brazil • Buenos Aires---Argentina • Lima--Peru • Bogotá--Colombia • Santiago--Chile Cities
Practiced in many places of Latin America—it is tourism that is focused on the natural wonders and beauty of the areas (plants, animals, mountains, rainforests…..) • Costa Rica is a major ecotourism destination as people go to see the rainforest • Ecotourism focuses on preserving the environment while also encouraging low impact tourism Ecotourism
Advantages • Influx of money-cash-hard currency • Create jobs Tourism
Disadvantages • Strain on infrastructure • Money does not always stay in community--- (absentee owners) • Can increase public debt • Damage to environment • Resentment between rich tourist and poorer locals Tourism
Conquistadors • Hernando Cortes- conquered Mexico for Spanish • 3 G’s- Gold, Glory, God • Mexico part of Spanish Empire Spanish Conquest
1821 Mexico gained independence from Spain • Agustin de Iturbide proclaimed himself emperor • Benito Juarez lead reform movement in 19th century and became first president of Mexico Independence from Spain
1929 PRI: Institutional Revolutionary Party • Helped maintain political stability • Policy of redistributing land • Held power through fraud and corruption One Party Rule
Language- Spanish • Religion- Catholicism Spanish influence on culture
Mestizo: people mixed Spanish and Native American heritage Native Influences on Culture