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Internet and Health care: Extensive Knowledge. Lessons Learned -5 · patients’ bringing Internet information to their doctor’s appointments affected various outcomes for physicians and patients depending on how the physicians’
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Internet and Health care: Extensive Knowledge Lessons Learned -5 · patients’ bringing Internet information to their doctor’s appointments affected various outcomes for physicians and patients depending on how the physicians’ assessed the reliability of the information , doc’s attitudes toward general popular access to health information , patient’s education and attitude · site map and orientation guides necessary for website designs · social support and interpersonal utility needs · structural indicators of website quality and accreditation seals may not be highly related to accuracy and quality of its medical content
Internet and Health care: Extensive Knowledge Lessons Learned -6 · patients’ bringing Internet information to their doctor’s appointments affected various outcomes for physicians and patients depending on how the physicians’ assessed the reliability of the information , doc’s attitudes toward general popular access to health information , patient’s education and attitude · site map and orientation guides necessary for website designs · social support and interpersonal utility needs · structural indicators of website quality and accreditation seals may not be highly related to accuracy and quality of its medical content
Internet and Health care: Extensive Knowledge • Lessons Learned -7 • · users rate online health information quality much • higher than physicians do • · visualization of system prototypes helpful for users • to understand and comment on design possibilities • - widespread use of Internet by physicians but much less • so for interaction with patients
The future challenges in ICT and Health care: Developments • ·context- or location-sensitive services • ·disabled patients using embedded sensors to interact • with their environment • ·electronic learning environments • ·electronic research environments • ·evaluating e-health behavioral and management • interventions • - bio genetic engineering • ·high-speed broadband wireless Internet • ·integration of various treatment and response media • (such as online assessment generating advice to • contact a telephone hot line o send an email) • ·interactive voice-response applications • miniaturization http://www.youtube.com/watch_popup?v=Ahs2W-TafYQ
Internet and Health care: Developments – 2 - • ·mobile telephone-based or converging media -based • health information and communication services • ·nanomedicine • ·online databases of rare pathologies and cases • - online diagnosis tools • ·online health monitoring and personal health • management • ·online or mobile health monitoring or reminder systems • ·portable digital personal medical records • - territorial health information organizations
Internet and Health care: Developments – 3 - • ·use of Internet2 for medical research networks • ·using wireless devices as data entry interface for • Internet-accessible databases, digital cameras to • capture and transmit medical images • ·virtual reality anatomy demonstrations and medical • training • - web-based store-and-forward health information • applications (such as for X-rays)
Internet and Health care: Trends • · accuracy and privacy certifications and criteria • · broadcasting baby births through the Internet • · business-related applications • · developing national medical databases • · electronic patient records (use for public health purpose) • · electronic prescribing services • · electronic publication of medical research • · email between health providers and patients (legality) • · health group discussion threads • - hospital and health resource portals for patients
Internet and Health care: Trends – 2 - • · increased emphasis on health problems and disparities • · increased system security • · increasing business-to-consumer and • business-to-business Internet transactions • · increasing online intermediaries • - massive increase in healthcare sector investments • and expenses • · moderated health discussion sites • - online medical education (physicians, students, patient)
Internet and Health care: Trends – 3 - • · online medical textbooks , journals and CME • · online test results • · personalized and customized online portals and • medical training • · physician referral of patients to health websites • (including more formally as “information prescriptions”) • · physicians turning to the Internet to keep up to date • with current research • - real-time and asynchronous monitoring and reporting • individual health status as well as disease outbreaks • and diffusion
Internet and Health care: Trends – 4 - • ·remote diagnosis • ·rise of online appointments, transaction processing • services • ·technology-enhanced clinical applications • ·telehealth in remote areas • - telesurgery (robotics) • ·traditional print and broadcast media providing links • to online health sites • - virtual clinics
Internet and Health care: Facilitators • · broadband infrastructure • · cooperation and coordination among service and • infrastructure providers • · government promotion of access and infrastructure • for e-health • · e-health policy • - interconnectivity across systems and channels
Internet and Health care: Facilitators – 2 - • · mobile/wireless devices and convergence • · patients demand to be involved in their medical decisions • · physician recommendations of health sites • · positive perceptions of innovation attributes • · reimbursement to doctors for online time and services • - support by national medical associations & gov.
· access and knowledge • · computer fears • · computer/ICT skills • · cultural divides concerning technology use and social • norms toward health behaviors • · differences in procedures for reimbursement and health • coverage across economic sect and national boundaries • · difficulties in assessing online knowledge acquisition Barriers
· digital divide (cultural divide) · high costs of technology overwhelm low cost of access and communication · individuals’ perceptions of current medical information rights · insufficient bandwidth · insufficient control or awareness of third party access to personal medical records · insufficient health dedicated staff - joint involvement by local service providers/physicians /patients Barriers - 2
· lack of basic infrastructure · lack of standard evaluation criteria · lack of support for sustainability of online interventions and health projects · large gap between those with Internet access and those offline with chronic health problems (such as HIV/AIDS) · limited vision by government and health care agencies as to potential applications Barriers - 3
· legal limitations of online medical practice - majority of health sites in English language · national and cultural norms and policies · online privacy concerns · physician resistance/hesitancy · poor management of ICT personnel and projects · standard codes for practices and protocols · sustainability (costs, updating, link stability) · time required to learn new systems - usability Barriers - 4
CURRENT EMPIRICAL EVIDENCIES: Shocking Uses Of The Internet In Body Part Commercialization http://www.eggdonor.com/ Fig http://www.eggdonor.com/?page=donordb Today, thanks to advanced scientific and technological medical practices thousands of babies are born, also thanks to the internet… Beauthttp://www.eggdonation.com/SampleDonor/Donor1.html
Body Parts Donation - Men http://www.spermcenter.com/ http://www.spermcenter.com/content/fertility-professional-search http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9LQeCdBT8YU&feature=fvw While donations and trade of body parts like eggs is a diffused practice, man also are part of the business. sperm bank opened in india for tourism... https://www.fertility-miracles.com/Parents/fee_schdules.html http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=embed&hl=en&geocode=&q=surrogacy+agencies,+egg+donor+agencies&sll=37.0625,-95.677068&sspn=31.371289,56.513672&ie=UTF8&ll=37.0625,-95.677068&spn=24.455808,37.353516&z=4
Future trends in Building human beings: What is going to happen? What information on the WWW in future years ? Tomorrow genetic engineering opens new dilemmas and possibilities to internet users (Video) of building a human being Ethical, legal social implications
waiting for a transplant http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XuXYVLTisW4&NR=1
E-buy me an organ: the new opportunities of Web 2.0 Social networks, blogs offer easy access to unprecedented information? Living donors Online blog http://www.livingdonorsonline.org/experiences/experiences.htm http://www.philippines-medical.com/ http://kidneytransplantgroup.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1&Itemid=1
More controversial and shocking implications: The Illegal trade of children’s organs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zj-rfHvPxsk&feature=related
How far should we go in developing info highways for body parts procurement (… and effective sensibilization campaings) ?
How far should we go in developing info highways for e-health (body parts procurement) ? Conclusions: E-Health: An interdisciplinary and International approach to Research & Methods. Political, legal, social, economical aspects for policy making
Internet and Health care: Conclusions • Policy Issues • . codes of ethics • · cross-state and cross-border regulations (commerce, • drug prescription etc.) • - digital and cultural divide • - electronic medical records for public health use • · enforcement of online pharmacies • · health web site licensure • · identify theft • · infrastructures • national/regional/international • e-health policies • · privacy (collection, accessibility, • security, , anonymity, verification) • · telecommunications policy reform • in developing countries • - telecommunications tariffs